【摘要】 植被和土壤的耦合关系是衡量生态系统协调可持续发展的关键。当前关于植被和土壤之间协同作用机理的研究多集中于人类活动干扰或自然演替的生态系统，灾害干扰生态系统恢复过程的研究仅关注灾害造成的坡面失稳区，忽视了灾害对坡面整体生态过程的影响效应。因此，本文选择蒋家沟流域3个气候区具有代表性的5个失稳性坡面(包括稳定区、失稳区和堆积区3个区段)为研究对象，基于7个植被指标和8个土壤指标的评价体系，采用熵权法和主成分分析法确定各指标综合权重和影响失稳性坡面生态系统的主要因子，并构建植被-土壤耦合协调度模型。结果表明：(1)Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Margalef丰富度指数是影响蒋家沟失稳性坡面生态系统稳定性的最主要因子；植被生物量和土壤有效钾、有机碳、全氮、水解氮也是重要的影响因子。(2)蒋家沟失稳性坡面稳定区的植被和土壤综合评价指数总体上均高于失稳区和堆积区；温带湿润山岭区的植被综合评价指数最高，亚热带和暖温带半湿润区次之，干热河谷区最低；亚热带和暖温带半湿润区的土壤综合评价指数明显低于其他2个气候区。(3)亚热带和暖温带半湿润区、干热河谷区的失稳区和堆积区均为植被土壤初级协调发展，其稳定区和温带湿润山岭区全部区段均为植被土壤中级协调发展；温带湿润山岭区整体表现为土壤滞后发展，干热河谷区整体表现为植被滞后发展。研究结果可为制定最佳策略以促进蒋家沟脆弱生态系统快速有效恢复和协调可持续发展提供理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 A coupling relationship between vegetation and soil is crucial for evaluating the coordinated and sustainable development of ecosystems. Past research on the synergetic mechanism between vegetation and soil primarily concerned about the ecosystems disturbed by human activities or suffered by natural succession, with kind of awareness of the restoration processes of disaster-disturbed ecosystem merely at a plot of instable slope, other than a complete slope. In this study, five representative unstable slopes with three zones(stable, unstable and accumulation zone) across three climate zones at the Jiangjiagou valley in southeastern China were selected as research objects. Inclusive of seven vegetation indicators and eight soil indicators in the proposed evaluation system, it used the entropy weight method and principal component analysis to determine the comprehensive weight of each indicator as well as the main factors affecting the unstable slope ecosystem. A coupling coordination degree model of vegetation-soil were also constructed.(1) Shannon Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Margalef richness index were the most significant factors governing the stability of the unstable slope ecosystems in the Jiangjiagou valley. In addition, vegetation biomass, soil available potassium, organic carbon, total nitrogen and hydrolyzed nitrogen also played an important role in regulating ecosystem stability.(2) The comprehensive vegetation and soil evaluation indexes at the stable zones were higher than those obtained at the unstable and accumulation zones on the unstable slopes in the Jiangjiagou valley. The comprehensive vegetation evaluation indexes exhibited the highest values in the temperate humid mountain ridge region, followed by the subtropical and warm temperate sub-humid region, and the lowest values in the dry-hot valley region. It got significantly lower values on the comprehensive soil evaluation indexes in the subtropical and warm temperate sub-humid region than ones in the other two climate zones.(3) Both the unstable and accumulation zones in the subtropical and warm temperate sub-humid region and the dry-hot valley region exhibited primary coordinated development of vegetation and soil, while the stable zones and all zones of the temperate humid mountain ridge region exhibited intermediate coordinated development of vegetation and soil. The temperate humid mountain ridge region showed lagging soil development, while the dry-hot valley region showed lagging vegetation development. The research results can provide theoretical support for formulating optimal strategies to promote rapid and effective restoration and coordinated sustainable development of the fragile ecosystem in the Jiangjiagou valley.更多还原