【摘要】 小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa Kühn, TCK)是引起小麦矮化腥黑穗病的一种检疫性病原真菌。TCK的冬孢子与小麦光腥黑穗病菌(T.foetida, TFL)和小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T.caries, TCT)的冬孢子在形态上极为相似，仅靠形态特征区分TCK相当困难。本研究以TCK为研究对象，从其冬孢子形态特征、自发荧光率、萌发特性及ITS序列分析方面对该病菌进行鉴定，以期为该病原菌的有效识别提供理论基础。经过冬孢子显微形态拍照比对、冬孢子网脊高度测量、自发荧光率以及萌发率计算可得，菌瘿样品的冬孢子直径为21.03±0.75μm,网脊高度为1.45±0.10μm,自发荧光率大于99%;且经ITS序列分析，本研究中分离菌株与T.controversa以较高支持率聚为同一分支，能与T.foetida和T.caries明显区分开来。因此，根据冬孢子形态特征、自发荧光率、萌发特性以及ITS序列分析结果，从立陶宛进境小麦及其筛下物中截获的菌瘿冬孢子为小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tilletia controversa Kühn(TCK) is a quarantine pathogenic fungus that causes wheat dwarf bunt disease. Since the teliosporesof TCK is very similar to those of T. foetida(TFL) and T. caries(TCT) in morphological characteristics, by which is quite difficult to distinguish TCK only. This paper focuses on TCK, and identifies the pathogen by teliospores’ morphological characteristics, spontaneous fluorescence rate, germination characteristics and ITS sequence analysis, in order to provide a theoretical basis for effective identification of the pathogen. The results showed that, based on the comparison of the microscopic morphology of the teliospores, measurement of the height of the teliospores web ridges, calculation of the spontaneous fluorescence rate and the germination rate, it was found that the diameter of the teliospores was 21.03±0.75 μm, and the height of the web ridges was 1.45±0.10 μm, with a spontaneous fluorescence rate of greater than 99%. Moreover, according to the ITS sequence analysis, the isolated strains in this paper were clustered into the same branch with T. controversa with high support rate, which could be clearly distinguished from T. foetida and T. caries. Therefore, the teliospores intercepted from imported wheat and its screened materials from Lithuania were wheat dwarf smut pathogen based on the morphological characteristics of the teliospores, spontaneous fluorescence rate, germination characteristics and ITS sequence analysis results.更多还原