【摘要】 月面独特的位置和环境优势，为天文观测提供了难得的机会。目前包括中国、美国、欧洲航天局、俄罗斯、日本、印度等在内的多个国家和机构都在大力开展月球探测。对于开展多种科学研究的月球探测计划，站点的选取需综合考虑各项科学的需求。本文主要介绍开展月基紫外-光学-红外天文观测对观测站点的需求，并针对该需求提出了评估某个候选站址是否满足天文观测需求的定量化分析方法。该方法适用于全月面范围内任意指定点的选址分析，将为规划中的国际月球科研站等月球探测计划的建设提供参考和支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Moon’s extraordinary location and surroundings provide astronomers with a unique chance to gaze into the cosmos. Nations and organizations like China, the US, ESA, Russia, Japan and India are energetically advancing their lunar expeditions. As they design multifaceted missions, selecting a site demands a meticulous evaluation of all scientific needs. This article primarily delves into the essential demands for a lunar-based UV-optical-IR observatory, presenting a quantitative analysis technique to evaluate whether a candidate site is up to par for astronomical observation needs. This systematic approach is universally applicable for site analysis at any location on the lunar surface, and serves as a crucial foundation for assessing potential sites, such as those under consideration for future international lunar research station, in ongoing and planned lunar exploration endeavors.更多还原