【摘要】 根据特定时段混合船舶流特征，优化海事调度规则是提升航道通航效率的低成本、高效率方法。文章以长距离受限航道通航效率提升为研究对象，以平均等待时间(AWT)、港口服务水平(AWT/AST)、泊位利用率(ρ)、航道通过能力(T)为指标，基于靠港船舶AIS数据建立Arena港口生产作业仿真系统，分析先到先得(FCFS)、港口效益优先(PEP)和综合效益优先(CBP)等海事调度规则对通航效率的影响。以RSOT长距离受限航道为案例，基于2021—2022年靠港船舶AIS数据的研究结果表明：FCFS和PEP规则的效果基本一致，CBP规则可以有效降低大部分船型平均等待时间的同时提升了港口服务水平。其中：10万t级原油船AWT降幅最大达到62%,货船泊位利用率ρ增长达到64%;在当前船舶到港密度流增加20%时依然保持高效率，成品油船AWT和AWT/AST降幅最大达到62%,货船泊位、原油泊位和成品油泊位利用率ρ值分别提升67%、28%和26%,航道通过能力T值的提升可达到14%。研究结论可以为该类长距离受限航道的海事调度规则优化和通航效率提升提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to mixed ship flow characteristics in specific time periods, optimizing maritime scheduling rules is a low-cost and efficient method to improve channel navigation efficiency.In this paper, the improvement of long-distance restricted channel navigation efficiency was taken as the research object, and the average waiting time(AWT), port service level(AWT/AST), berth utilization rate(ρ), channel passage capacity(T) ware taken as the indicators. Based on the AIS data of docking ships, the Arena port production operation simulation system was established to analyze the impact of maritime scheduling rules, such as first come, first served(FCFS), port efficiency priority(PEP) and comprehensive benefit priority(CBP) on navigation efficiency.Using the RSOT long-distance restricted channel as a case, the conclusion that the impacts of First-Come, First-Served(FCFS) and Preemptive Earliest Priority(PEP) rules are essentially same can be drawn from the research findings based on AIS data from docking ships in 2021—2022. CBP rules can effectively reduce the average waiting time of most ship types while improving the port service level.Among them, the AWT of 100 000 ton crude oil ships is decreased by 62% at most, and the of cargo ships is increased by 64%. When the current vessel arrival density flow is increase by 20%, high efficiency is still maintained, and the AWT and AWT/AST of refined oil ship are decreased by 62% at most. The value of cargo ship berths, crude oil berths and Oil product berthsare increased by 67%, 28% and 26%, respectively, and the T value can be increased by 14%.The optimization of maritime scheduling rules and the improvement of navigation efficiency of this kind of long-distance restricted channel can be provided as a reference by the research conclusion.更多还原