【摘要】 研究罗非鱼混养对广西三江传统稻渔综合种养系统环境的影响，可为科学推广稻田金边鲤-罗非鱼混养模式提供基础。2021年5-10月设置3个试验组和1个对照组研究不同密度混养对种养系统环境及菌群多样性的影响，其中试验组内进行罗非鱼和金边鲤的混养，对照组为鲤单养组。结果表明，金边鲤的生长未受到罗非鱼混养的影响；高通量测序结果显示水体中的主要菌群为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria），其次为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和蓝菌门（Cyanobacteria），主要功能为化能异养和有氧化能异养；底泥中的主要菌群为变形菌门和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi），其次为酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）和蓝菌门，主要功能类群为甲烷生成和化能异养。罗非鱼高密度混养组稻田底泥中的总氮和硝酸盐氮含量有所下降，水体中Polynucleobacter等水质良好的指示物种相对丰度增加，罗非鱼混养对稻渔综合种养系统环境及其菌群产生了有益的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Integrated rice-carp aquaculture systems have a long history in Sanjiang, Guangxi, but there have been problems in the system including low culture density and lack of diversity. In this study, tilapia was polycultured in the traditional rice-carp aquaculture system in Sanjiang, and we studied the effects of tilapia polyculture at different densities on water and sediment quality and the microbial diversity of the aquaculture system. The polyculture experiment using Oreochromis niloticus and carp in paddy field was carried out at a research station from May 22 to October 20, 2021, and four tilapia density treatments were set, including high(0.6 ind/m~2), medium(0.4 ind/m~2) and low(0.2 ind/m~2) and a control group with carp only. After the experiment, five tilapia and carp specimens were randomly selected from each treatment and weighed, and water and sediment samples were obtained for determination of physical and chemical parameters. Results show that growth of the common carps was not affected by the presence of tilapia,and even the high density tilapia treatment group(0.6 ind/m~2) did not reach the maximum carrying capacity of the system. Results of high-throughput sequencing show that the primary microbiota in the water of the integrated rice-fish co-culture system were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, followed by Bacteroides, Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria, with the primary functions of chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy. The primary microbiota in sediment were Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi, followed by Acidobacteria, Euryarchaeota and Cyanobacteria, with the primary functions of methanogenesis and chemoheterotrophy. Tilapia polyculture had a positive impact on the system environment and microbial diversity. In the high-density polyculture group, the contents of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the sediment of the paddy field decreased to some extent, and the relative abundance of indicator species of good water quality such as Polynucleobacter in water increased. This study provides a scientific basis for promoting polyculture of carp and tilapia in the paddy fields of Sanjiang, Guangxi.更多还原