【摘要】 农作物种植结构和空间分布情况是洪涝灾害农作物损失估算的基础，为满足洪涝灾害灾情农作物损失快速评估的精度要求，亟须构建一种将遥感技术与地面调查相结合的农作物实时调查和灾情评估方法。以2021年河南省暴雨洪涝灾害为例，综合利用卫星遥感数据与实地调研获取的真实地物样本数据，开展河南新乡卫辉市农作物精细分类研究，结合基于遥感数据得到的洪水淹没历时演算结果，对卫辉市此次洪涝灾害事件农作物受灾情况进行评估。结果表明：卫辉市洪涝灾害类型主要为河流高水位入侵洪水和地势低洼地区内涝滞水，洪水淹没历时集中在30 d以内，最大淹没面积98.62 km~2,出现在7月31日；受灾地物类型为主要农作物玉米、道路周边的绿化林地以及卫辉市城区；提出的基于多源遥感数据和真实地物样本的洪涝农作物灾情评估方法具有较高的精度和时效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The planting structure and spatial distribution of crops are the basis for the estimation of crop losses in flood disasters. In order to meet the accuracy requirements for rapid assessment of crop losses in flood disasters, it is urgent to build a real-time crop survey and disaster assessment method that combines remote sensing technology with ground surveys. Taking the rainstorm and flood disaster in Henan Province in 2021 as an example, this paper comprehensively used satellite remote sensing data and real ground object sample data obtained from field research to carry out a research on the fine classification of crops in Weihui City, Xinxiang, Henan Province, combined with the flood inundation duration calculation results based on remote sensing data, to assess the damage of crops in this flood disaster event in Weihui City. The results show that: a) The main types of flood disasters in Weihui City are high water level intrusion floods in rivers and waterlogging and stagnation in low-lying areas. b) The types of disaster-affected features are corn, the main crops, green forests around roads, and urban areas of Weihui City. The disaster assessment method for flood crops based on multi-source remote sensing data and real ground object samples proposed in this paper has high accuracy and timeliness.更多还原