【摘要】 冠以行政之名的改革难免会向政治改革的方向偏离，对此，日本学者西尾胜提出“行政理性与改革政治性”的命题。从“西尾之问”出发，对日本中央省厅改革的方案拟定、思路设计和行政发展课题等问题展开探究，可形成对改革本身及后续改革问题的再思考。日本中央省厅改革的过程同时受到行政理性、改革政治性和行政文化的影响，其本质是破除传统的政、官、民关系，建立以执政体为中心的新型政府机构格局，改革成果是行政理性与改革政治性妥协平衡的阶段性产物。日本中央省厅改革的启示在于，在反思改革的前提下，对三种改革范畴加以区分，并在相应范围内按照各自的逻辑精准推进相关内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reforms undertaken in the name of administration often veer toward political restructuring.In this context,Japanese scholar Masaru Nishio proposed the concept of "administrative rationality and reform politics" as a framework for analysis.Building on Nishio ’ s inquiry,this paper explores Japan’ s central government reform by examining the formulation of reform proposals,design of reform strategies,and challenges of administrative development.This approach provides a fresh perspective on both the reform process itself and the issues surrounding subsequent reforms.The reform of Japan ’ s central ministries and agencies was shaped by the interplay of administrative rationality,reform politics,and administrative culture.At its core,the reform aimed to dismantle the traditional relationships among politicians,bureaucrats,and the public,establishing a new government structure centered on executive authority.The outcomes of these reforms reflect a provisional balance and compromise between administrative rationality and the political dynamics of reform.The experience of Japan’ s central government reform offers valuable insights:effective reform requires a critical examination of past efforts,a clear distinction between administrative,political,and cultural dimensions of reform,and a precise application of appropriate strategies within each domain.By doing so,reform efforts can achieve greater coherence and sustainability.更多还原