【摘要】 目的 分析2021—2023年福清市食源性暴发事件中副溶血性弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus,VP）的病原学特征，探讨其分布特征和流行型别。方法 采用凝集、多重实时荧光PCR和微量肉汤稀释法对4起食源性疾病暴发事件中分离23株VP进行血清型别、毒力基因（tlh, tdh, trh）和耐药性试验，用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分子分型及同源性分析。结果 2021—2023年福清市共发生4起食源性疾病暴发事件，经分离和鉴定共检出VP 23株，其中19株病例株分别为O10∶K4型13株（68.4%）和O4∶KUT型6株（31.6%）2个血清分型，tdh基因携带率为100.0%，未检出trh基因；4株食品株分别为O3∶K4、O10∶K24、O11:KUT和O3∶K37等血清型，其中2株来自于同一份食品，均未检出tdh、trh基因。所有分离株对头孢唑啉耐药率为87.0%，不同来源的2株出现多重耐药现象。19株病例株PFGE基因型成簇分布，与其血清型和耐药谱之间有关联；同一事件病例株相似度高，食品株PFGE基因呈多态性。结论 引起4起暴发的VP优势型别为O10∶K4血清型，部分菌株存在多重耐药现象；病例株均携带tdh基因；同事件病例株间高度相关，推测为同源菌株；应特别关注O10∶K4型菌株引起再次暴发和大流行的风险，同时加强食品安全风险监测与评估，为疫情防控提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP) isolated from food-borne outbreaks in Fuqing City between 2021 and 2023, and to explore its distribution characteristics and epidemic types.Methods The serotypes, virulence genes(tlh, tdh, trh), and drug resistance profiles of 23 VP strains isolated from 4 food-borne disease outbreaks were tested by agglutination, multiple real-time PCR, and broth microdilution methods. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) was used for molecular typing to analyze homology.Results From 2021 to 2023, four food-borne disease outbreaks occurred in Fuqing City, leading to the isolation and identification of 23 VP strains. Among these, 19 clinical strains were divided into two serotypes: O10:K4 type, comprising 13 strains(68.4%), and O4:KUT type, comprising 6 strains(31.6%); the tdh gene carrying rate was 100.0%, and no trh gene was detected. The serotypes of the four food isolates were O3∶K4, O10:K24, O11∶KUT, and O3∶K37, respectively, all differing from the clinical strains, with two strains coming from the same food item without tdh and trh genes detected. The resistance rate of all isolates to cefazolin was the highest(87.0%), with two strains(8.7%) from different sources showing multidrug resistance. The PFGE genotypes of 19 case isolates were clustered and correlated with their serotypes and drug resistance profiles; strains isolated from the same outbreak event showed high similarity, whereas food strains exhibited polymorphism in PFGE genotypes.Conclusions The predominant serotype causing the four outbreaks was O10:K4, with some strains showing multidrug resistance; all clinical strains carried the tdh gene. The high correlation between strains from the same outbreak event suggests they are homologous. Special attention should be paid to the risk of outbreaks and pandemics caused by the O10:K4 type strain again. Additionally, food safety risk monitoring and assessment should be strengthened to provide an effective basis for epidemic prevention and control and early identification and warning.更多还原