【摘要】 目的 了解渤海海峡、渤海湾市售海鱼异尖线虫感染情况，并对检出的异尖线虫进行形态学分析及属间鉴定，为防控措施制定提供参考。方法 2023年春季和冬季采购渤海海峡、渤海湾沿海市售海鱼，检测海鱼异尖线虫感染情况，分析不同鱼群的感染差异及异尖线虫寄生部位等，并对异尖线虫进行形态学鉴定。结果 调查共检测渤海湾海鱼7种91尾，未检出异尖线虫；渤海海峡海鱼21种210尾，其中11种48尾海鱼检测出异尖线虫，总检出率为22.86%，共检出异尖线虫1 370条，平均感染强度为28.54条/尾。检出率前三的鱼种分别为鮟鱇（100.00%,14/14）、带鱼（100.00%,10/10）和辫子鱼（80.00%,8/10）；感染强度前三的鱼种为鮟鱇（69.00条/尾）、带鱼（24.70条/尾）和海鲫鱼（19.00条/尾）。异尖线虫在鱼体的主要寄生部位为肠道、肠系膜、腹腔等，泄殖腔中未发现感染。相关性分析表明，鮟鱇和带鱼的体质量与异尖线虫感染强度均呈正相关（r=0.77、0.67,P均<0.01）。检获完整虫体1 226条，经形态学鉴定，其中异尖属767条，宫脂属459条。结论 渤海湾海鱼未检出异尖线虫，渤海海峡海鱼异尖线虫感染较重，且主要为具有致病性的异尖属和宫脂属线虫，建议加强当地异尖线虫病健康教育，以降低人群感染风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the infection status and morphological identification of Anisakis in the marketed marine fish captured from the Bohai Strait and the Bohai Bay for evidence to plan the prevention and control measures for this parasite. Methods In the spring and winter of 2023, we obtained the marine fish that was caught from the Bohai Strait and the Bohai Bay sold in the coastal markets, and detected Anisakis infection status in the fish samples. Then the detected species were subjected to morphological analysis and intergeneric identification, and the differences in Anisakis infection among fish species, and internal parasitic site were also analyzed. Results In this study, no Anisakis nematodes were detected in the 91 fish samples of 7 species from the Bohai Bay. A total of 210 marine fish samples of21 species from the Bohai Strait were investigated, in which Anisakis was detected in 48 samples of 11 species. The positive detection rate was 22.86%. A total of 1 370 Anisakis were detected, with an average infection intensity of 28.54nematodes in individual fish. The top three detection rate for the 48 marine fish was Lophiiformes(100%, 14/14), Trichiurus lepturus(100%, 10/10), and Platycephalus indicus(80.00%, 8/10), and the top three fish species in terms of infection intensity were associated with Lophiiformes(69.00 larvae/fish), Trichiurus lepturus(24.70 larvae/fish) and Ditrema temmincki Bleeker(19.00 larvae/fish). The main parasitic sites of the fish found during physical examination were the intestine, mesentery, abdominal cavity, etc., and no infection was found in the cloaca. The correlation analysis showed that the body weight of Lophiiformes and Trichiurus lepturus were positively correlated with the infection of Anisakis(r=0.77, 0.67, respectively, all P<0.01). In total, 1 226 intact third stage larvae of Anisakis were obtained, and morphologically identified as Anisakis spp.(767 larvae) and Hysterothylacium spp.(459 larvae). Conclusion In current survey, no Anisakis was detected in the marine fish in the Bohai Bay, yet Anisakis infection is relatively serious in fish in the Bohai Strait, and these pathogenic nematodes are mainly involved in Anisakis spp. and Hysterothylacium spp. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen the health education on anisakiasis in local population in order to reduce the risk of this disease.更多还原