【摘要】 目的 分析云南省阿米巴痢疾流行状况，为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2005年1月—2020年12月的云南省阿米巴痢疾报告病例进行分析，对其人群、时间和地区等分布特征进行描述。结果 2005—2020年云南省累计报告阿米巴痢疾病例3 315例，其中临床诊断病例697例（占21.03%），确诊病例2 618例（占78.97%）。年报告发病率为0.06/10万～1.45/10万，年均报告发病率为0.46/10万，发病率在2005年最高（1.45/10万），其后呈波动下降。报告病例中，男性1 838例（占55.44%），女性1 477例（占44.56%），性别比为1∶0.8;0～9岁人群报告病例最多（1 675例，占50.53%）；散居儿童和农民报告病例较多，分别为1 276例（占38.49%）和1 011例（占30.50%）。报告病例主要集中在4—7月（1 925例，占58.07%）。地区分布中，报告病例数前3位的地区分别为临沧市（1 526例，占46.03%）、楚雄州和红河州（均为273例，各占8.23%）。其中临沧市耿马县报告1 380例，占全省报告病例数的41.63%。结论 云南省阿米巴痢疾报告发病率总体呈下降趋势，儿童和农民为主要发病群体，临沧市耿马县报告病例数最多。今后应加强对重点地区和重点人群的健康教育。同时，要进一步提高医疗机构的诊断能力和疾控机构的监测能力，不断提升阿米巴痢疾的防控水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of amoebic dysentery in Yunnan Province for basis to scientifically formulate prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the cases of amoebic dysentery reported in Yunnan Province in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from January 2005 to December 2020, and the characteristics of population, temporal and regional distribution were described in detail. Results From 2005 to 2020, a total of 3 315 cases of amoebic dysentery were reported in Yunnan Province, including 697 clinically diagnosed cases(21.03%) and 2 618 confirmed cases(78.97%). The average annual incidence was 0.46/100 000 and the annual incidence rate ranged from 0.06/100 000 to1.45/100 000, with the highest in 2005(1.45/100 000), and then fluctuated. In the reported cases, 1 838(55.44%) were males and 1 477(44.56%) were females, with a gender ratio of 1∶0.8. The most cases were under 10 years old(1 675cases, 50.53%). The infection was most seen in children living at home and farmers, which accounted for 38.49%(1 276 cases) and 30.50%(1 011 cases), respectively. The reported cases were mainly concentrated from April to July(1 925 cases, 58.07%). In terms of regional distribution, the top three reported areas were Lincang City(1 526 cases,46.03%), Chuxiong Prefecture(273 cases, 8.23%), and Honghe Prefecture(273 cases, 8.23%). Among the reported cases in Yunnan Province, 1 380(41.63%) cases were reported in Gengma County, Lincang City. Conclusion The reported incidence of amebic dysentery in Yunnan Province exhibited a declining trend. The infection primarily affected children and farmers, and occurred most in Gengma County of Lincang City. The following efforts should focus on the health education on the key areas and the key population, as well as further improving the diagnosis capacity of medical institutions and the monitoring capabilities of disease control institutions so as to constantly boost the prevention and control level for amebic dysentery across the province.更多还原