【摘要】 当前，土壤重金属污染已成为全球性的重大环境问题。铜(Cu)是植物必需的微量元素，但高浓度的铜对植物具有毒害作用。为了适应铜胁迫环境，植物发展了多种耐铜的分子机制和微生物学机制。本文介绍了超积累植物在铜污染土壤中的作用，系统总结了植物应答铜胁迫的形态、生理分子和根际微生物生态学机制，包括以下内容：植物对铜的生理防御和吸收转运机制；植物根际促生细菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)通过促进植物营养吸收和分泌生长调节物质来增强植物对铜胁迫的耐受性；PGPR通过诱导系统抗性和吸附积累铜离子以降低铜对植物的损伤；根际微生物群落结构和功能介导的植物应答铜胁迫的机制；植物响应不同铜胁迫的根际微生物群落结构的变化。本文为今后培育耐铜植物新种质和治理修复铜污染的土壤提供科技支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, soil heavy metal pollution has become a global major environmental issue. Copper(Cu) is an essential trace element for plants, but high concentrations of copper have toxic effects on plants. In order to adapt to copper stress environments, plants have developed various copper-tolerant molecular and microbiological mechanisms. This article introduces the role of hyperaccumulating plants in coppercontaminated soil, systematically outlining the morphological, physiological, molecular, and rhizospheric microbiological mechanisms of plant responses to copper stress, including the following: The physiological defense and absorption transport mechanisms of plants against copper; Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) enhancing plant tolerance to copper stress by promoting plant nutrient absorption and secreting growth-regulating substances; PGPR reducing copper damage to plants by inducing systemic resistance and adsorbing accumulated copper ions; The mechanisms of plant responses to copper stress mediated by rhizospheric microbial community structure and function; And the changes in rhizospheric microbial community structure in response to different copper stresses. This article provides scientific support for the future breeding of copper-tolerant plant germplasm and the management and restoration of coppercontaminated soil.更多还原