【摘要】 为探索适合中药材有机生产的施肥技术，以山西省道地药材-黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)Bunge）为研究对象，在山西省灵丘县设置化肥（C）、有机肥（O）、有机肥+矿物肥（OM）、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥（移栽时蘸根）（OMD）、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥（盛花期灌根）（OMI）、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥（盛花期喷施）（OMS）6个处理对二年生黄芪的生长发育、产量、品质和土壤微生物影响的研究。结果表明：OMD地下部产量最高，较C处理产量提高13.25%，较O处理产量提高了35.75%;OMD处理可以显著提高黄芪多糖和总黄酮的含量，较CK处理分别提高了20.88%和98.50%;OMD和OMI处理对根体积、根长和根系干物质积累的促进作用显著高于C处理；土壤微生物高通量测序结果表明，OMD处理提高了土壤中放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）丰度。综合考虑得出有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥（移栽时蘸根）为最优处理方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the optimal fertilization technology for the organic production of Chinese medicinal materials, Astragalus membranaceus, a native medicinal material in Shanxi Province, was studied in Lingqiu County, Shanxi Province. Six different treatments including fertilizer(C), organic fertilizer(O), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer(OM), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer(dip roots during transplanting period)(OMD), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer(full bloom period)(OMI) and organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer(spraying during the flowering stage)(OMS) were designed. The effects of the 6 treatments on the effects of growth and development, yield, quality, and soil microorganisms of biennial A. membranaceus were studied. The results showed that: The yield of OMD underground was the highest, which was 13. 25% higher than that of C treatment and 35. 75% higher than that of O treatment. Compared with CK treatment, OMD treatment significantly increased the content of Astragalus polysaccharide and total flavone by 20. 88% and 98. 50%, respectively.The effects of OMD and OMI treatment on root volume, root length and root dry matter accumulation were significantly higher than those of C treatment. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that OMD treatment increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi in soil. After comprehensive consideration, it is concluded that organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer(dipping root during transplanting) is the most optimal treatment method.更多还原