【摘要】 【目的】比较青钱柳(Cyclocarya paliurus)二倍体和四倍体叶表型特征、解剖结构和气孔特征等方面的差异，旨在获得不同倍性青钱柳叶片特征的基础数据。【方法】以青钱柳二倍体和四倍体苗木为材料，对32项叶片特征指标进行测定，并进行独立样本t检验、相关性分析和主成分分析。【结果】除中部小叶的最大叶宽位置和锯齿宽度在倍性间无显著差异外，其余30项叶特征在倍性间均达到显著或极显著差异。其中，四倍体小叶数量极显著少于二倍体，而复叶面积和比叶质量极显著大于二倍体；四倍体顶端小叶和中部小叶的叶长、叶宽和叶面积极显著大于二倍体，而叶形指数极显著小于二倍体；四倍体锯齿密度极显著小于二倍体；四倍体叶片厚度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度均极显著大于二倍体，而栅海比和紧密度极显著小于二倍体；四倍体气孔长度和气孔宽度极显著大于二倍体，而气孔密度极显著小于二倍体。相关性分析结果表明，青钱柳表型特征与解剖结构和气孔特征各指标间存在广泛而显著的相关关系。主成分分析提取了反映两种倍性青钱柳叶特征差异的指标，分别为小叶叶宽、小叶面积、叶形指数、海绵组织厚度、气孔长度、栅栏组织厚度和紧密度。【结论】青钱柳二倍体和四倍体的叶特征存在显著差异，小叶叶宽、小叶面积和叶形指数等叶表型特征可用于青钱柳二倍体和四倍体初筛。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 To compare the differences in leaf phenotypes characters, anatomical structures and stomatal characteristics between diploid and tetraploid Cyclocarya paliurus, we obtained data on the leaf characteristics of C. paliurus with different ploidy. 【Method】 Diploid and tetraploid seedlings of C. paliurus were used as study materials, and 32 leaf traits were measured. Independent samples t-tests, a correlation analysis, and principal component analysis(PCA) were conducted. 【Result】 There were no significant differences between diploid and tetraploid seedlings for sawtooth width and the position of the maximum leaf width of the middle leaflet. For the other 30 leaf traits, there were significant or extremely significant differences between diploid and tetraploid seedlings. Among them, the number of leaflets of tetraploids was significantly less than that of diploids, while the area and specific leaf weight of compound leaves of tetraploids were significantly greater than those of diploids. The length, width and area of the terminal and middle leaflets of tetraploids were significantly greater than those of diploids, while the leaf shape index was significantly smaller than that of diploids. The sawtooth density of tetraploids was significantly smaller than that of diploids. The leaflet thickness, the upper epidermis thickness, lower epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness, and sponge tissue thickness of tetraploids were all significantly higher than those of diploids, while the ratio of palisade tissue to sponge tissue and cell tense ratio were significantly smaller than those of diploids. The stomatal length and width of tetraploids were significantly greater than those of diploids, while the stomatal density was significantly smaller than that of diploids. The correlation analysis results indicated that there were broad and significant correlations between the phenotypic characteristics, anatomical structure, and stomatal characteristics of C. paliurus. The indicators reflecting the differences of leaf characteristics between diploid and tetraploid C. paliurus were extracted by a PCA, including leaflet width, leaflet area, leaf shape index, sponge tissue thickness, stomatal length, palisade tissue thickness and cell tense ratio. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in leaf traits between diploid and tetraploid C. paliurus, and leaf phenotypic characteristics, such as leaflet width, leaflet area, and leaf shape index, can be used for the preliminary screening of diploid and tetraploid C. paliurus.更多还原