【摘要】 无人机作为新质生产力的重要发展方向，正在重塑不同产业的生产模式和效率，其应用和推广有利于民族地区经济发展。鉴于民族地区农户对无人机等新技术采纳意愿不高，本研究基于技术接受模型(TAM)融入外部环境变量，并综合考虑农户个体特征的调节作用，构建理论分析框架。通过对四川民族地区的实地调研与样本数据采集，运用结构方程模型(SEM)进行严谨的实证分析，发现感知有用性、感知易用性以及外部环境因素均对农户采纳无人机技术意愿产生正向影响。同时，感知易用性与外部环境亦正向作用于感知有用性，且外部环境还间接通过提升感知易用性来促进采纳意愿，感知有用性在感知易用性与外部环境对采纳意愿的影响路径中产生中介效应。此外，农户的文化水平与收入水平作为调节变量影响感知有用性与采纳意愿之间的关系。本研究为提高民族地区农户无人机技术采纳意愿，推动民族地区无人机技术的普及与应用提供了科学依据和策略建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The emergence of New Quality Productivity has been an important driving force for promoting economic development, transforming traditional production systems and profoundly reshaping economic structures. Moreover, this development of new quality productive forces holds particular significance for ethnic regions and can significantly boost the local economy and society.Drones, as a prominent technology within the realm of New Quality Productivity, are reshaping the production methods and efficiency of different industries; as such, the promotion of drones can be beneficial for the economic development of ethnic minority areas. From current research and reallife experience, it can be said that the New Quality Productivity represented by drone technology is revolutionizing agricultural practices by improving operational efficiency, offering enhanced production capabilities for farmers in ethnic areas, contributing to rural revitalization and promoting sustainable development of the local economy. However, in reality, farmers in ethnic areas exhibit a relatively low willingness to adopt new quality products such as drones. Addressing this adoption challenge is vital to unlocking the transformative potential that drone technology can bring to these lands.This article is based on the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM), supplemented with external environmental variables, and added the moderating effect of individual characteristics of farmers to form a theoretical model. By collecting empirical data on the application of drone technology in ethnic areas of Sichuan province from March to May2024, a survey was conducted specifically focusing on regions such as Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, and Mabian Yi Autonomous County.Structured interviews and questionnaires were used, and questionnaire items were designed based on TAM using the five-point Likert scale. A total of 793 questionnaires were distributed, with 752valid responses, resulting in a high response rate of94. 83%. Results indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and external environment have a positive impact on farmers’ willingness to adopt drone technology. Additionally, perceived ease of use and external environment are shown to significantly affect perceived usefulness. And the external environment also has a positive impact on perceived ease of use. Meanwhile, both perceived usefulness and ease of use play a mediating role in the relationship between external factors and farmers’ adoption willingness. In addition, individual characteristics such as education level and income have a moderating effect on the perceived usefulness and the willingness to adopt drone technology.Given the results described above, this article proposes a series of policy measures to facilitate the adoption of UAV technology in ethnic regions.These include strategies to improve the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of UAV for farmers, improve the external environmental conditions, and enhance the technical literacy of farmers in ethnic areas. Specific measures may include:Increasing policy support for the application of drones, carrying out tailored technical training and promotion activities among farmers, simplifying and localizing drone operations, enhancing the ease of using drones, and establishing sound infrastructure and service networks that support drone applications. Such measures are considered crucial for increasing farmers’ engagement with this new quality technology and contributing to the broader goal of rural revitalization.更多还原