【摘要】 为解决坚硬煤层条件下，常规煤体注水方式效果不好，回采过程中顶煤可放性差、工作面截煤和放煤过程中粉尘大的难题，根据金川煤矿煤层的具体情况，基于煤体压裂软化-润渗除尘理论，利用CO₂活性水耦合液、液相与气相耦合液，代替传统注水和注气技术，在金川煤矿开展了煤体软化及降尘技术应用研究。CO₂活性水压裂软化润渗技术，能够使煤体中裂隙和孔隙的容积以及结构发生变化，造成煤体的破裂和松动，降低了煤炭强度，达到对硬煤最佳的软化效果。试验表明：煤层CO₂水基压裂后，放煤循环速度提高了5.6%，顶煤破碎块度均衡，顶煤平均采出率提高了3.2%；截割浮尘浓度降低45%，工作面能见度提高，工作面转载运输点煤尘降低23%，润渗作用有效降低了煤体产生浮尘的能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the difficult problems of poor effect of conventional coal body water injection method,poor releasability of top coal during recovery process,high dust during coal cutting and coal release at working face under hard coal seam conditions,based on the specific situation of coal seam in Jinchuan coal mine,based on the theory of coal body fracture softening-moistening and dust removal,uses CO₂active water coupling fluid,liquid phase and gas phase coupling fluid,instead of traditional water and gas injection technology,and carries out the coal body softening and dust reduction technology application research in Jinchuan coal mine.CO₂active water fracturing coal body softening and wetting technology can make changes in the volume and structure of fractures and pores in the coal body,causing the rupture and loosening of the coal body,and playing the role of loosening the coal body,so as to achieve the best softening effect on the coal body.The results show that after CO₂water-based fracturing of coal seam,the coal release cycle speed increased by 5.6%,the top coal crushing block was balanced,and the average recovery rate of top coal increased by 3.2%.The concentration of cut-off floating dust is reduced by 45%,the visibility of the working face is greatly improved,the coal dust at the transfer and transportation point of the working face is reduced by 23%and the wetting and seepage effect effectively reduces the ability of the coal body to produce floating dust.更多还原