【摘要】 大结是明代八股文体的重要组成部分，它不仅与文章各部分形成有机联系，而且承担着独特的文体功能。自宋代王安石科举改革以来，“自摅己见”成为经义文的写作要求。元代科举把自摅己见的功能单独赋予四书文。明代把“入口气”设置为八股文的主体部分，并设置大结以专门承担自摅己见的功能。明代八股文大结在融贯经典、反思历史、批判现实等方面曾提出过尖锐而深刻思想。大结的设置激发了士子通经致用意识。清康熙十六年禁用大结，弱化了八股文表达个人见解的功能，与其专制主义政治意图相表里。乾隆之后八股文厉禁越来越多，八股文走到了末路，变成一种缰死枯窘的文体。更多还原

【Abstract】 Da Jie(conclusion) was an essential component of the Ming dynasty’s Eight-Legged Essay style. It not only formed an organic connection with various parts of the essay, but also carried a unique stylistic function. Since the Song dynasty’s reforms led by Wang Anshi,“expressing one’s own views”became a requirement for the crafting of the Eight-Legged Civil Examination essays. During the Yuan dynasty, this function of expressing personal views was separately assigned to the Four Books essays. In the Ming dynasty, the“entrance”(入口气) was designated as the main part of the Eight-Legged Essay, with Da Jie specifically tasked with expressing personal views. In the Ming dynasty, the Da Jie section of the Eight-Legged Essay proposed sharp and profound thoughts, integrating classical knowledge, reflecting on history, and criticizing reality. The inclusion of Da Jie inspired scholars to apply classical knowledge to practical situations. In the sixteenth year of Kangxi’s reign in the Qing dynasty, Da Jie was prohibited, weakening the function of the Eight-Legged Essay to express personal opinions, aligning with the political intentions of authoritarianism. After Qianlong’s reign, more restrictions were imposed on the Eight-Legged Essay, leading it to a dead end, becoming a constrained and lifeless literary form.更多还原