【摘要】 在120～200℃的操作温度范围内，高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)表现出了诸多优势，包括较快的电极反应动力学、较高的一氧化碳(CO)耐受性以及简化的热和水管理系统。HT-PEMFC的核心材料之一是高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM)，其性能直接决定了燃料电池的整体表现及使用寿命。目前，以磷酸(PA)掺杂聚苯并咪唑(PBI)膜为代表的HT-PEM受到了广泛关注。文章首先阐述了PA掺杂型HT-PEM的传质机理，继而结合HT-PEM的发展历史，系统地总结了当前HT-PEM的主要类别。然后详细讨论了基于PBI的HT-PEM、含有主链碱性基团的非PBI类HT-PEM以及侧链含有碱性基团的HT-PEM的结构特性及其对性能的影响规律。最后，概述了HT-PEM领域当前面临的主要问题与挑战，旨在为高性能、低成本HT-PEM的设计与开发提供有价值的参考和启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Operating within the temperature range of 120～200 ℃, high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFCs) exhibit numerous advantages, including accelerated electrode reaction kinetics, enhanced carbon monoxide(CO) tolerance, and simplified thermal and water management systems. A key component of the HT-PEMFC is the high-temperature proton exchange membrane(HT-PEM), whose performance significantly affects the overall performance and life-time of the fuel cell. Currently, HT-PEMs represented by phosphoric acid(PA)-doped polybenzimidazole(PBI) membranes have garnered extensive attention. This review begins with an elucidation of the proton transport mechanisms in PA-doped HT-PEMs, followed by a systematic summary of the main types of HT-PEMs in conjunction with the history of their development. The chemical structures and their impact on properties are thoroughly discussed for PBI-based HT-PEMs, non-PBI HT-PEMs containing basic groups in the main chain, and HT-PEMs grafted with side-chain basic groups. Finally, the current major issues and challenges faced by HT-PEMs are briefly discussed. This review provides valuable insights for the further design and development of high-performance and cost-effective HT-PEMs.更多还原