【摘要】 目的：从微观、图谱、化学成分上对龙骨进行真伪鉴定，为龙骨的质量控制和评价方法提供参考。方法：根据龙骨矿物特性，利用显微镜观察、近红外光谱、X射线荧光光谱仪进行鉴定研究，对比真伪品龙骨单偏光、正交偏光镜下特征，以正品龙骨的近红外光谱为参照，建立真伪龙骨定性鉴别模型，分析龙骨内元素检测结果。结果：正品龙骨呈磷灰石光学特性，与动物骨骼伪品龙骨有较大区别，正品较现代动物骨骼伪品P、Ca相对较少，但富集元素Sr、F，利用近红外特征谱段可建立有较好预测能力的相关系数模型。结论：偏光显微镜、近红外光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法可提高龙骨的真伪鉴别结果正确率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To identify the authenticity of Longgu from the microscopic, infrared spectrum and chemical composition, and provide references for the Longgu`s quality control and evaluation methods. Methods: According to the mineral characteristics of Longgu, the identification research was carried out by microscope observation, near-infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. By comparing the single polarizing and orthogonal polarizing characteristics of genuine and fake Longgu, a qualitative identification model of genuine Longgu was established based on the near infrared spectrum of genuine Longgu and the detection results of elements in Longgu were analyzed. Results: The genuine Longgu had apatite optical properties, which was quite different from the fake Longgu of animal bones. Compared with modern animal bones, genuine Longgus had relatively less P and Ca, but they were enriched in elements Sr and F. The correlation coefficient model with good predictive ability can be established by using the near infrared characteristic spectrum. Conclusion: Polarizing microscope, near infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy can improve the identification results of Longgu.更多还原