【摘要】 胆道肿瘤(BTC)是一种高异质性和高侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，由于其症状隐匿、进展迅速，大多数患者确诊时已为晚期。对于晚期BTC的治疗，传统的化疗药物疗效有限，靶向治疗仅适用于部分敏感人群，而作为免疫治疗中最有前景的免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)治疗在BTC中的潜在作用被不断证实，联合治疗效果具有较好的前景。为探索不同的免疫治疗策略，越来越多的临床研究结果相继报道，尤其是探索免疫检查点治疗在BTC治疗中的应用的结果令人鼓舞。本综述就目前BTC中ICIs治疗的研究现状及其最新治疗现状前景进行阐述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biliary tract cancers(BTC) represent a heterogeneous group of aggressive malignancies, often marked by subtle symptoms and rapid progression. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, missing the window for surgical intervention. Traditional chemotherapy offers limited efficacy in treating BTC, and targeted therapies are only effective in select patient populations. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs), a key component of immunotherapy, have shown increasing promise in BTC treatment, with combination therapies offering significant potential. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the role of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint therapy, in BTC, yielding encouraging results. This review highlights recent advancements and future prospects for ICIs in the management of BTC.更多还原