【摘要】 在难治/复发多发性骨髓瘤(refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma, RRMM)中，嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor-T,CAR-T)治疗代表了一项重大的科学进步，对许多患者来说，具有高反应率和长期缓解。尽管如此，肿瘤细胞表面靶抗原下调可导致反应较差和疾病复发。目前获批用于治疗RRMM的CAR-T细胞疗法仅针对B细胞成熟抗原(B cell maturation antigen, BCMA)。虽然BCMA-CAR-T细胞治疗的反应率高，但其对靶抗原的选择性压力可引起BCMA表达丢失和MM细胞逃逸。双靶CAR-T细胞理论上具有靶向性更广和减轻单靶逃逸的优势。BCMA和CS1在MM细胞上高表达，被认为是MM免疫治疗的理想靶点。文章总结了商品化BCMA-CAR-T细胞治疗RRMM和CS1-CAR-T细胞治疗MM的研究进展，并重点讨论了CS1-BCMA CAR-T细胞治疗的早期试验结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma(RRMM), chimeric antigen receptor-T(CAR-T) cell therapy represents a significant scientific advancement, with high response rates and long-term remission for many patients. However, target antigen downregulation on tumor cells can lead to poor response and disease recurrence. Currently, CAR-T cell therapy approved for the treatment of RRMM only targets B cell maturation antigen(BCMA). Although BCMA-CAR-T cell therapy has a high response rate, its selective pressure on target antigens can cause BCMA loss and MM escape. Bispecific CAR-T cells theoretically have the advantages of broader targeting and less single-target escape. BCMA and CS1 are highly expressed on MM cells and are considered ideal targets for MM immunotherapy. This review summarizes the research progress of commercial BCMA-CAR-T cell therapy for RRMM and CS1-CAR-T cell therapy for MM and focuses on the primary results of CS1-BCMA CAR-T cells.更多还原