【摘要】 目的?了解我国城市地区0～3岁早产/低出生体重儿的家庭主要养育问题与需求，为我国儿童健康临床工作者针对性地开展高危儿家庭养育指导提供依据。方法 采用我国14省15个城市的1 989名0～3岁儿童及家长的家庭养育调查资料进行研究，比较分析早产/低出生体重儿家庭与正常儿童家庭面临的养育问题及其影响因素。结果 接受调查的城市地区早产/低出生体重儿151名(7.6%)，其中76.8%的早产/低出生体重儿的家长在过去3个月内遇到了≥3个家庭养育问题，高于正常组的66.8%，差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.44，P=0.011)。早产/低出生体重儿的家庭养育问题主要集中在喂养或进餐(67.6%)、睡眠(66.2%)和行为(61.6%)三方面。多因素logistic回归发现，早产/低出生体重儿是婴幼儿家庭养育问题的风险因素(P<0.05)；早产/低出生体重儿家庭养育问题的发生与儿童性别、儿童年龄、主要照养人、家庭结构等因素有关。结论 早产/低出生体重儿的家长面临养育问题风险普遍较高，且不同年龄阶段存在具体问题差异，有必要及时发现养育风险因素，为该群体提供有针对性的养育照护咨询指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the child-rearing problems and needs of premature/low birth weight (LBW) infants aged 0-3 years in urban areas of China,and to provide a basis for our child health clinicians to carry out targeted child-rearing guidance for high-risk infants.Methods Based on the child-rearing survey data of 1989 children aged 0-3 years and their parents from 15 cities in 14 provinces in China,the child-rearing problems faced by families with either premature/LBW infants or normal infants and their influencing factors were compared and analyzed.Results Among the 151 preterm/LBW infants surveyed in urban areas (7.6 %),76.8 % of the parents of preterm/LBW infants had experienced at least 3 child-rearing problems in the past 3 months,higher than that of the normal group (66.8 %),and the difference was statistically significant (χ~2=6.44,P=0.011).The main child-rearing problems of preterm/LBW infants were feeding or eating (67.6 %),sleep (66.2 %) and behavior (61.6 %).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm/LBW infants were risk factors for child-rearing problems in families with infants and young children,and the occurrence of child-rearing problems of premature/LBW infants was related to children’s gender,age,main caregivers,family structure and other factors.Conclusions Parents of premature/LBW infants generally have a higher risk of child-rearing problems,and there are specific problems in different age stages,so it is necessary to find child-rearing risk factors in time and provide targeted child-rearing counseling guidance for this group.更多还原