【摘要】 为了增加煤矸石在注浆材料中的使用，对活化后煤矸石基注浆材料的活性和性能进行研究，分析了活化温度、煤矸石占比、化学激发剂对热改性煤矸石基注浆材料在流动性能、凝结时间、抗压强度等方面的影响。采用X射线荧光光谱法（XRF）、X射线衍射分析法（XRD）分析了热活化前后煤矸石材料物相，并使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-OES）分析了活化后煤矸石的硅-铝离子溶出特性。活化后的材料分别加入NaOH、Na₂SiO₃两种化学激发剂进一步活化，结果显示：活化温度为800℃、煤矸石占比为66.7%、Na₂SiO₃添加量为4%的胶凝材料活化效果最佳，流动距离可达19.3 cm, 28 d抗压强度为13.47 MPa,热重分析水化进程表明，在此活化条件下650～800℃间质量损失最多，所生成的方解石量达到8.81%;白云岩会延缓煤矸石在热活化时的团聚效应，使其最佳活化温度达到800℃;对于化学激发剂来讲，适量添加可以加速水化进程，反之则会延缓水化进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to increase the use of coal gangue in grouting materials, the activity and performance of activated coal gangue-based grouting materials were studied. The influences of activation temperature, coal gangue proportion, and chemical activators on the fluidity, setting time and compressive strength of thermally modified coal gangue-based grouting materials were analyzed. The phases of coal gangue materials before and after thermal activation were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy（XRF） and X-ray diffraction analysis（XRD）, and the leaching characteristics of silicon and aluminum of activated coal gangue were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy（ICP-OES）. The activated material was further activated by adding two chemical activators, NaOH and Na₂SiO₃.The results show that the cementitious material with an activation temperature of 800 ℃, a coal gangue proportion of 66.7%, and a Na₂SiO₃ dosage of 4% has the best activation effect, which has a flow distance of 19.3 cm and a compressive strength of 13.47 MPa at 28 d. Thermogravimetric analysis of the hydration process shows that under this activation condition, the mass loss was the highest between 650-800 ℃, and the amount of calcite generated reached 8.81%. Adding dolomite will delay the agglomeration effect of coal gangue during thermal activation, making its optimal activation temperature reach 800 ℃. Moderate addition of chemical activators can accelerate the hydration process, while the opposite will delay the hydration process.更多还原