【摘要】 热应激会降低工作效率并导致热相关疾病。为了量化高温环境下环卫工人的热应激水平，建立一个生理状态安全评价指标(physiological state safety evaluation index, PSEI)。首先，引入尖点突变理论分析不同热环境下人体生理状态变化趋势。其次，基于信息熵和变权理论计算生理指标的权重，并利用尖点突变级数法建立人体生理状态评价体系。最后，提出新评价指标PSEI以量化生理状态安全水平，并在此基础上确定PSEI的安全等级。结果表明：在不同环境条件和生理状态下，生理指标的权重是变化的；平均皮肤温度、耳膜温度、收缩压和心率的权重范围分别为0.09～0.64、0.08～0.41、0.07～0.74和0.06～0.33;PSEI的安全等级为：非常安全(0.948, 1]、相对安全(0.886, 0.948]、中等(0.798, 0.886]、相对危险(0.649, 0.798]和非常危险[0, 0.649]。PSEI可为高温环境下环卫工人提供实时的生理状态安全评估和健康预警。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heat strain can reduce work efficiency and lead to heat-related diseases. In order to quantify the heat strain level of the sanitation worker in high temperature environments, a physiological state safety evaluation index(PSEI) was established. Firstly, the cusp catastrophe theory was introduced to analyze the changing trend of human physiological state under different thermal loads. Secondly, the information entropy method and variable weight theory were adopted to calculate the weights of the physiological indexes, and the cusp catastrophe progression method was used to establish human physiological state evaluation model. Finally, a new index-PSEI was proposed to quantify the safety level of the physiological state, and the safety interval of the PSEI was categorized. The results show that the weight of each physiological index varies with environmental conditions and physiological states. The weight range of mean skin temperature, tympanic membrane, systolic blood pressure and heart rate is 0.09～0.64, 0.08～0.41, 0.07～0.74 and 0.06～0.33, respectively. The safety level of PSEI is as follows: very safe(0.948, 1], relatively safe(0.886, 0.948], moderate(0.798, 0.886], relatively dangerous(0.649, 0.798] and very dangerous [0, 0.649]. The PSEI can be used to provide real-time physiological state evaluation and health warning for sanitation workers in high temperature environments.更多还原