【摘要】 为了解呼和浩特大气污染防治效果，选取呼和浩特市2017—2022年的主要大气污染物、气象要素数据，对污染物浓度的年、月变化、浓度比值、相关性进行分析，利用后向轨迹聚类对2020年3月进行分析。分析结果表明：呼和浩特市2017—2022年空气质量为优、良的天数呈上升趋势。各污染物浓度年变化特征明显，各污染物的浓度变化趋势除O₃均呈“U”形分布。PM_2.5、PM₁₀污染是呼和浩特市大气污染主要研究对象，PM_2.5/PM₁₀的值有明显的月变化特征，5月份为全年最低值。PM_2.5和PM₁₀高度相关性，而NO₂和SO₂与PM_2.5、PM₁₀均呈现正相关性。受气象要素影响，PM_2.5和PM₁₀污染物浓度变化趋势为夏低冬高，7、8月降雨量大，有利于空气质量改善，降水可带走、稀释更多的污染物。而后向轨迹聚类分析得4条气团运输路径，主要气团来自东北方向，途经内蒙西部等地区，少部分来自中国大陆地区。研究结果可以为呼和浩特大气污染防治提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the effect of air pollution control in Hohhot, the main air pollutants and meteorological elements data of Hohhot from 2017 to 2022 was selected, the annual and monthly changes of pollutant concentrations, concentration ratios and correlations was analyzed, and the month of March 2020 using backward trajectory clustering was analyzed. The analysis results show these as follows. The number of days with excellent and good air quality in Hohhot City from 2017 to 2022 shows an upward trend. The annual variation of the concentration of each pollutant is obvious, and the trend of the concentration of each pollutant except O₃ has a “U” shape distribution.PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ pollution are the main objects of the study of atmospheric pollution in Hohhot City, and the values of PM_2.5/PM₁₀ have obvious monthly variation characteristics, with the lowest value of the whole year in May.PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are highly correlated, while PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are highly correlated, and PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are highly correlated, and PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are highly correlated. PM₁₀ were highly correlated, while NO₂ and SO₂ showed positive correlation with both PM_2.5 and PM₁₀. Influenced by meteorological factors, the trend of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ pollutant concentrations is low in summer and high in winter, and heavy rainfall in July and August is conducive to the improvement of air quality, and precipitation can carry away and dilute more pollutants. And the backward trajectory clustering analysis of four air mass transportation paths, the main air mass from the northeast, through the western Inner Mongolia and other regions, a small portion from the Chinese mainland. The results of the study can provide a basis for the prevention and control of air pollution in Hohhot.更多还原