【摘要】 在对室内流场进行数值模拟的过程中，送风口的描述直接影响室内流场模拟结果的准确性。目前，大多数的研究认为送风口横截面的出流速度是1个定值。然而，由于送风口几何结构的影响，实际风口横截面的出流速度是高度不均匀的。以常用的方形散流器为研究对象，采用理论分析、实验研究和数值模拟的方法得到1个简单而又能满足实际需求的描述方法。为研究方形散流器出流速度分布对模拟结果的影响，建立了5种简化风口模型。使用这些模型对不同出流条件的方形散流器送风口进行数值模拟，并与实验数据进行对比。此外，文中还通过实验结果对出风口横截面的速度分布计算公式进行了修正。使用修正前后的计算值对方形散流器送风口进行数值模拟，并与实验数据进行对比。结果表明，出流速度的不均匀性对方形散流器送风口的射流特性有很大影响。采用速度分区模型可以准确描述实际复杂风口空气射流特性，为未来进一步研究室内空气流动提供可靠的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of numerical simulation of an indoor flow field, the description of the air vent directly affects the accuracy of the simulation results of the indoor flow field. Currently, most of the studies consider the outlet velocity in the cross-section of an air vent to be a constant value. However, due to the influence of the geometry of the air supply vent, the outflow velocity of the actual air supply vent cross-section is highly non-uniform. Taking the commonly used square diffuser as a research object, this paper obtained a simple and practical descriptive method through theoretical analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation. In order to study the influence of the square diffuser outflow velocity distribution on the simulation results, 5 simplified vent models were built. Numerical simulations of square diffuser air vents with different outflow conditions were carried out by using these models and compared with experimental data. In addition, the formula for calculating the velocity distribution in the cross-section of the air vent was corrected in the paper by the experimental results. Numerical simulations of the square diffuser air supply vent were performed by using the calculated values before and after the correction and compared with the experimental data. The results showed that the non-uniformity of the outlet velocity has a great influence on the jet characteristics of the square diffuser air vent. The velocity partition model can accurately describe the actual complex air jet characteristics of the air vent and provide a reliable basis for further study of indoor air flow in the future.更多还原