【摘要】 近年来，新型冠状病毒全球肆虐，病毒溯源加速了核酸检测技术在分子诊断领域的应用。然而，传统实验室核酸检测过程流程复杂、耗时长且需要专业的技术人员，不利于核酸检测。各种各样的微流控芯片和新型核酸检测技术为核酸检测流程提供了低成本、快速、便捷的途径，使之在现场检测中发挥重大作用。首先详细介绍了核酸检测过程中核酸提取和核酸扩增方法并阐明其优缺点。然后总结了典型的微流控芯片用于核酸检测的研究进展。这些微流控芯片结合新型核酸检测技术极大地简化了核酸检测流程，缩短了检测时间和降低了成本。最后讨论了微流控芯片在核酸检测方面的存在问题和应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the novel corona virus has swept around the world, and virus tracing has accelerated the application of nucleic acid detection technology in the field of molecular diagnosis. However, the traditional laboratory nucleic acid testing process is complex, timeconsuming and requires professional technicians, which is not conducive to nucleic acid testing. A variety of microfluidic chips and novel nucleic acid detection technologies provide low-cost, fast and convenient ways for nucleic acid detection processes, making them play a major role in field detection. The methods of nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid amplification during nucleic acid detection are introduced in detail, and their advantages and disadvantages are clarified. Then the research progress of typical microfluidic chips for nucleic acid detection is summarized. These microfluidic chips, combined with new nucleic acid detection technologies, greatly simplify the nucleic acid detection process, shorten the detection time and reduce the cost. Finally, the existing problems and application prospects of microfluidic chips in nucleic acid detection are discussed.更多还原