【摘要】 目的 分析嘉兴市大气NO₂对呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响。方法 收集2019—2021年嘉兴市每日大气NO₂监测资料、气象资料和呼吸系统疾病门诊量资料。分别应用Wilcoxon秩和检验和广义相加模型（GAM）2种统计方法，研究大气NO₂对呼吸系统疾病门诊量的急性效应。结果 期间大气NO₂日均浓度超标9 d。大气NO₂超标日的呼吸系统疾病门诊总量和儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量均高于达标日。单日滞后效应分析时，NO₂对呼吸系统疾病门诊总量和成人门诊量的滞后效应值均在lag4时达到最大，而儿童门诊量则在lag3时达到最大。NO₂每增加10μg/m³,呼吸系统疾病门诊总量、成人和儿童门诊量分别增加2.23%（95%CI:1.52%～2.94%）、1.73%（95%CI:1.06%～2.41%）和2.73%（95%CI:1.73%～3.74%）;累积滞后效应分析时，呼吸系统疾病门诊量效应值均在lag07时达到最大，NO₂每增加10μg/m³,呼吸系统疾病门诊总量、成人和儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量分别增加5.35%（95%CI:4.06%～6.66%）、3.47%（95%CI:2.25%～4.70%）和7.17%（95%CI:5.31%～9.07%）;儿童门诊量的最大效应值高于成人。结论 嘉兴市大气NO₂浓度升高可能引起呼吸系统疾病门诊量增加，且具有滞后性，应特别加强儿童呼吸系统的健康防护。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of nitrogen dioxide（NO₂） on hospital visits for respiratory diseases in Jiaxing.Methods We collected daily air NO₂ monitoring data, meteorological factors and hospital visits for respiratory diseases in Jiaxing from 2019 to 2021.We used Wilcoxon rank sum test and generalized addition model（GAM） to analyze the acute effects of air NO₂ on hospital visits for respiratory diseases.Results The average daily concentration of NO₂ exceeded the standard for 9 days. The daily hospital visits for respiratory diseases and childhood respiratory diseases on days when air NO₂ exceeded the national standard were higher than those on qualified days. In the single-day lag effect analysis, the excess risk（ER） of daily hospital visits for respiratory diseases and adult respiratory diseases both reached the maximum on lag4, while the ER of daily hospital visits for childhood respiratory diseases reached the maximum on lag3 with ER（95%CI） being 2.23%（1.52%-2.94%）, 1.73%（1.06%-2.41%） and 2.73%（1.73%-3.74%） with NO₂ concentration increase per 10 μg/m3, respectively. In the cumulative lag effect analysis, the ER of daily hospital visits for respiratory diseases, adult and childhood respiratory diseases all reached the maximum on lag07, with ER（95%CI） being 5.35%（4.06%-6.66%）, 3.47%（2.25%-4.70%） and 7.17%（5.31%-9.07%） with NO₂ concentration increase per 10 μg/m³, respectively. The maximum ER of hospital visits for childhood respiratory diseases was higher than that for adults.Conclusion The increase of NO₂ concentration in Jiaxing may lead to an increase in hospital visits for respiratory diseases with a lag effect, and the health protection of children′s respiratory system should be especially strengthened.更多还原