【摘要】 推动新质生产力的形成与发展，就必须形成并完善与之相适应的新型生产关系。新型举国体制是新型生产关系中的重要组成部分。在新一轮科技创新浪潮冲击科研组织范式压力下，“新型举国体制”已然从战略应急的使命型任务体制升华为一种超越组织、超越区域的“技术—经济”发展范式。其运行的底层逻辑旨在于构建任务“自上而下”、能力“自下而上”的科技创新体系，让其既能充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，又能更好发挥政府各方面作用，进而激发各类主体参与科技创新的活力和动能。本文通过借鉴多元创新主体融合模式和以国有资本为主的项目管理模式，提出构建党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、区域协作的新型举国体制以满足我国助推新质生产力的现实需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 To promote the formation and development of new quality productive forces, it is necessary to establish and improve new production relations that are compatible with them. The new whole-nation system is an important component of the new production relations. Under the pressure of the new wave of technological innovation impacting the paradigm of scientific research organizations, the “new whole-nation system” has evolved from a mission-oriented task system in response to strategic emergency to a “technology-economy” development paradigm that transcends organizations and regions. The underlying logic of its operation is to fully leverage the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and better play the role of various government departments, stimulate the vitality and momentum of various entities to participate in scientific and technological innovation, and build a scientific and technological innovation system with “top-down” tasks and “bottom-up” capabilities. This article proposes the construction of a new whole-nation system led by the Party committee, with government responsibility, social collaboration, and regional cooperation, by drawing on the integration model of multiple innovative entities and the project management model dominated by state-owned capital, to meet the practical needs of promoting new quality productive forces in China.更多还原