【摘要】 以江苏丘陵地区大棚草莓为对象开展大田试验，研究化肥减施配施土壤调理剂对草莓果实品质和土壤养分的影响。本试验设置5个处理，为不施化肥对照(CK)、常规量施化肥处理(F100)、化肥减施50%处理(F50)、化肥减施50%同时配施硅钙镁土壤调理剂处理(F50S1),化肥减施50%同时配施骨粉处理(F50S2)。试验结果表明，与F100处理相比，不施化肥对照(CK)和F50处理草莓单株叶片数和头茬果单果质量显著减少(P<0.05),幼苗期土壤电导率、有效磷含量和速效钾含显著降低(P<0.05)。与F100处理相比，F50S1处理草莓幼苗期土壤pH值显著提高，缓解了土壤酸化对草莓幼苗生长的抑制作用，使株高和叶面积、现蕾率显著提高(P<0.05)。F50S2处理土壤有效磷含量、速效钾含量以及叶片全氮含量和头茬果单果质量与F100处理相比无显著差异(P>0.05),二茬果二级果果实硬度比F100处理显著提高了27.03%(P<0.05), F50S2处理能够显著延长草莓果实的货架期。综上所述，在过量施肥土壤中应适量减施化肥同时配施土壤调理剂，可以有效维持土壤养分供应，促进草莓生长发育，提高果实品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with soil conditioner on strawberry fruit quality and soil nutrients in greenhouse in hilly area of Jiangsu province. The experiment included five treatments, no chemical fertilizer control(CK), conventional chemical fertilizer treatment(F100), 50% chemical fertilizer reduction treatment(F50), 50% chemical fertilizer reduction combined with silicon, calcium, magnesium soil conditioner treatment(F50S1), 50% chemical fertilizer reduction combined with bone powder treatment(F50S2). The results showed that compared with F100 treatment, the number of leaves per plant and the weight of single fruit in first cutting were significantly reduced in CK and F50 treatment(P<0.05), and soil conductivity during seedling stage, available phosphorus content and available potassium content were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with F100 treatment, F50S1 treatment significantly increased soil pH at seedling stage, alleviated the inhibition of soil acidification on strawberry growth, and significantly increased plant height, leaf area and bud rate(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in soil available phosphorus content, available potassium content, leaf total nitrogen content and the weight of single fruit in first cutting between F50S2 treatment and F100 treatment(P>0.05). Compared with F100 treatment, the fruit hardness of second grade fruit in second cutting in F50S2 treatment was significantly increased by 27.03%(P<0.05). F50S2 treatment could significantly prolong the shelf life of strawberries. To sum up, appropriate reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with soil conditioner in excessive fertilization soil could effectively maintain the supply of soil nutrients, promote the growth and development of strawberry, and improve fruit quality.更多还原