【摘要】 为了解不同坐姿下人体主要工作肌群的活跃度与疲劳情况，让人们重视对坐姿的调整，并处于舒适健康的坐姿状态，邀请8名受试者对6种日常坐姿分别进行表面肌电测试，收集颈伸肌、竖脊肌、腹直肌与腹外斜肌的表面肌电信号以及不同身体部位与整体主观舒适度评价。结果表明：坐姿舒适度为：靠背直立>后倾>直立>前倾>跷二郎腿>单边坐。其中靠背直立坐姿与后倾坐姿的肌肉活跃度与肌力水平较低，主观舒适度较高。因此，建议大众在工作和学习时保持靠背直立坐姿，在短暂放松休息时可采用后倾坐姿。同时，从肌力平衡角度，在日常生活中注重腹肌肌群的锻炼，可缓解腰部肌肉的发力，减少脊柱患病的风险。最后，在坐姿状态下，颈伸肌与竖脊肌对不适较为敏感，因此在座椅设计与坐具舒适性研究中应该优先考虑颈部与腰部的设计合理性与舒适情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the activity and fatigue of the main working muscles of the human body under different sitting postures and to make people pay attention to the adjustment of sitting postures and be in a comfortable and healthy sitting state,eight subjects were invited to perform surface electromyography tests on six daily sitting postures and to collect the surface electromyography signals of the cervical extensors, erector spinae, rectus abdominis, and external abdominal obliquity, as well as the subjective comfort level of the different body parts and the whole body. The results showed that the comfort level of sitting posture was as follows: backrest upright > backward leaning > upright > forward leaning > stilted legs > unilateral sitting. Among them, the muscle activity and muscle strength levels of backrest upright sitting and backward leaning sitting were lower, and the subjective comfort level was higher; therefore, it is recommended to keep the backrest upright sitting posture during work and study, and the backward leaning sitting posture can be used during short relaxation and rest. At the same time, from the perspective of muscle balance, focusing on abdominal muscle groups in daily life can ease lumbar muscle firing and reduce the risk of spinal disorders.Finally, in sitting posture, the neck extensors and vertical spine muscles are more sensitive to discomfort, so the design rationality and comfort of the neck and lumbar region should be prioritized in the research of seat design and seating comfort.更多还原