【摘要】 基于2002—2009年中国海关进出口数据和城镇住户调查数据,本文研究了目的国收入水平和不同类型的出口对城市居民工资差距的影响。结果显示,向高收入国家的一般出口显著提升了城市居民的工资,且高收入者受益最多,进而导致城市间和城市内部的工资差距扩大。然而,向中低收入国家的一般出口和加工出口对工资均没有显著影响。在机制方面,向高收入国家的一般出口通过技能溢价,特别是高等教育回报,扩大了城市内部的工资差距。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using Chinese customs data and Urban Household Survey data from 2002—2009, we investigate the impact of exports—differentiated by destination and type—on the urban wage gap. We find that ordinary exports to high-income countries significantly increase wages, particularly benefiting individuals in the upper half of the wage distribution. This effect contributes to the widening of inter-and intra-city wage gaps. However, ordinary exports to other countries and processing exports show no significant impact on wages. These effects are primarily driven by increased skill premiums, especially through changes in the returns to college education.更多还原