【摘要】 目的：探讨2011-2021年江苏省金湖县和盱眙县出生缺陷报告发生率及其变化趋势。方法：利用出生及出生缺陷监测项目2011-2021年数据进行横断面研究，应用Joinpoint模型分析出生缺陷报告发生率变化趋势，计算各时间段内年度变化百分比(APC)、整体时间内平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)。结果：2011-2021年金湖县出生缺陷报告发生率(341.3/万)高于盱眙县(212.8/万)。金湖县出生缺陷报告发生率整体呈上升趋势(AAPC=8.6%,P<0.05),2017-2021年上升迅速(APC=20.4%,P<0.05)。尚未发现盱眙县出生缺陷报告发生率存在时间趋势。出生缺陷报告发生率男性高于女性，母亲和父亲高龄组高于适龄组。金湖县前5位高发出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病(144.4/万)、脐疝(51.2/万)、多指(趾)(28.7/万)、外耳其他畸形(11.6/万)、其他消化系统畸形(8.8/万)。盱眙县前5位高发出生缺陷依次为先天性心脏病(74.9/万)、外耳其他畸形(17.8/万)、多指(趾)(16.2万)、脐疝(10.5/万)、腹股沟疝(9.0/万)。结论：2011-2021年金湖县出生缺陷报告发生率整体呈上升趋势，且2017-2021年上升速度明显加快；尚未发现盱眙县出生缺陷报告发生率存在时间趋势。两县出生缺陷第1顺位均为先天性心脏病，且金湖县脐疝发生率较高。建议对高龄母亲和高龄父亲应做好孕前、孕期、分娩期的系统保健工作，以降低出生缺陷发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the occurrence of the perinatal birth defects incidences and their trends in Jinhu county and Xuyi county of Jiangsu province from 2011 to 2021.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using the data of the Birth and Birth Defects Monitoring Project spanning from 2011 to 2021,and a Joinpoint regression model was applied to analyze the changing trend of the incidence of birth defects.The annual percentage change(APC) in each time period and the average annual percentage change(AAPC) in the overall time period of the perinatal birth defects were calculated.Results:From 2011 to 2021,the incidence of the perinatal birth defects(341.3 per 10 000) in Jinhu County was significantly higher than that(212.8 per 10 000) in Xuyi County.The incidence of the perinatal birth defects in Jinhu county showed an upward trend(AAPC=8.6 %,P<0.05),and the birth defects in Jinhu county had increased rapidly during 2017-2021(APC=20.4%,P<0.05).The time trend was not found in the incidence of the perinatal birth defects in Xuyi county.The incidence of the perinatal birth defects of the males was significantly higher than that of the females,and which of the babies with the advanced maternal and paternal age was significantly higher than that of the babies with the appropriate maternal and paternal age.The top five birth defects in Jinhu county were the congenital heart disease(144,4 per 10 000),the umbilical hernia(51.2 per 10 000),the polydactyly(28.7 per10 000),the other malformations of the external ear(11.6 per 10 000) and the other malformations of the digestive system(8.8 per 10 000).The top five birth defects in Xuyi county were the congenital heart disease(74.9 per 10 000),the other malformations of the external ear(17.8 per 10 000),the polydactyly(16.2 per 10 000),the umbilical hernia(10.5 per 10 000) and the inguinal hernia(9.0 per 10 000).Conclusion:From 2011 to 2021,the incidence of the birth defects in Jinhu county showed an upward trend and the rate of the increased of which has accelerated from 2017 to2021 significantly,however,the time trend is not found in the incidence of the birth defects in Xuyi county.The congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect in both counties,and the higher incidence of the umbilical hernia is found in Jinhu county.It is suggested that the systematic health care should be provided to the parents with advanced age before pregnancy,during pregnancy and delivery in order to reduce the incidence of the birth defects.更多还原