【摘要】 在北极快速变化背景下,北极对流层大气的温度和湿度不断增加,提示北极对流层大气基本状态可能发生变化。作为大气基本状态的度量,北极对流层大气能量是否发生变化,以及发生何种变化,是北极研究者关心的重要科学问题。本文基于对北极对流层大气地-气能量交换、侧边界能量交换和大气能量变化研究的简要回顾,给出了北极对流层大气能量变化及趋势的物理图像和基本数据。以上研究表明,(1)北极下垫面向对流层大气的能量输送不断增加,夏季中高纬度向北极对流层大气的能量输送也在增加,从能量收支的角度提示北极对流层大气能量增加的可能性;(2)采用再分析资料的最新研究也表明,近数十年来,北极对流层大气能量不断增加,大气基本状态正在发生显著的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the Arctic rapid changes, the increases of temperature and humidity in the Arctic troposphere indicate a possible basic state change of the Arctic troposphere. As a measure of basic atmospheric state,whether and how atmospheric energy changes in the Arctic troposphere is an important scientific issue to Arctic researchers. Based on a brief review of the studies on surface-air energy exchange, lateral boundary energy exchange and atmospheric energy change in the Arctic troposphere, the physical images and basic data of atmospheric energy change and trend in the Arctic troposphere are given. The above studies show that:(1) The increases of surface energy transfer and summer lateral boundary energy transport to the Arctic troposphere provide a further clue to possible increase of the Arctic tropospheric energy;(2) Most recent study based on reanalysis data clarifies the fact that in past decades, the atmospheric energy in the Arctic troposphere was increasing, and therefore the basic state of atmosphere was changing significantly.更多还原