【摘要】 目的 调查中老年住院患者的骨质疏松症知信行现状，分析其影响因素。方法 选取2023年1月—2023年6月郑州市骨科医院495例中老年住院患者进行问卷调查，内容包括一般情况、骨质疏松知识测试量表、骨质疏松健康信念量表和骨质疏松自我效能量表，选用标准分作为评价指标进行统计分析。结果 495例中老年住院患者中男性172(34.75%)例，女性323(65.25%)例。中老年住院患者的知识标准分为37.31%(9.44±5.00);健康信念标准分为61.25%(128.63±27.12);自我效能标准分为62.34%(74.81±27.69)。多重线性回归分析表明，知识得分的影响因素有学历和体重指数；健康信念得分的影响因素有性别和学历；自我效能的影响因素有性别、每周锻炼时间、吸烟、酗酒和体重指数(P<0.05)。相关分析显示，中老年住院患者知识得分与健康信念得分呈正相关(r=0.406),与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.255);健康信念得分与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.266)。结论 中老年住院患者的骨质疏松症知信行处于中低水平。开展以“知信行”模式为依托的健康教育，需特别关注低学历水平、每周锻炼时间不足、吸烟、酗酒者，以助于预防和减缓骨质疏松症的发生及进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients, and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 495 middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients in the Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital from January to June 2023, including general information, the osteoporosis knowledge scale, health beliefs scale and self-efficacy scale. Standard scores were selected as evaluation indicators for statistical analysis.Results Among the 495 hospitalized middle-aged and elderly patients, there were 172 males(34.75%) and 323 females(65.25%), the knowledge standard score of middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients was 37.31%(9.44±5.00); the standard score for health beliefs was 61.25%(128.63±27.12) and the standard score for self-efficacy was 62.34%(74.81±27.69). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors of knowledge scores were education level and body mass index; the influencing factors of health beliefs scores were sex and education level; the influencing factors of self-efficacy were sex, exercise time per week, smoking, alcohol abuse and body mass index(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the knowledge score of middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients was positively correlated with their health beliefs score(r=0.406) and positively correlated with their self-efficacy score(r=0.255); there was a positive correlation between health beliefs score and self-efficacy score(r=0.266).Conclusion The knowledge, health beliefs and self-efficacy of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients are at a moderate to low level. Carrying out health education based on the “knowledge, health beliefs and self-efficacy” model requires special attention to individuals with low educational levels, insufficient exercise time per week, smoking and alcoholism, in order to prevent the occurrence and slow down the progression of osteoporosis.更多还原