【摘要】 2021年秋季调查了黄渤海沿岸5处人工鱼礁区的浮游生物及相关环境要素,探究了人工鱼礁区浮游生物的群落特征与变化规律,明确了浮游生物的生物量、多样性与人工鱼礁区礁龄和礁体规模的关系。结果发现:共鉴定出浮游植物3门24科64种,浮游动物9大类41种;各人工鱼礁区浮游生物的优势种存在差异,但尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo—nitzschia pungens)和强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)为各礁区的共有优势种;长礁龄区对浮游生物的养护效果优于短礁龄区,其生物量增加指数(IBI)最大值为7.17,是短礁龄区的10.86～30.47倍;长礁龄区浮游生物群落结构优于短礁龄区,其丰富度指数和多样性指数均值均为短礁龄区的1.1倍。Pearson相关性分析显示,IBI和丰富度指数差值(DMI)与礁龄和礁区规模呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01),其中IBI与礁龄和礁区规模均呈现显著线性函数关系,拟合优度分别为0.91和0.71。结果表明,人工鱼礁建设对浮游生物生物量具有显著提升作用,且生物养护效果受礁区规模和礁龄等礁区特征要素的影响明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 From October to November 2021, a series of surveys were conducted in five artificial reef areas and their corresponding control areas along the coasts of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea to investigate plankton community characteristics and variations. The relationship between biological increment index(IBI), plankton diversity, and reef age/scale was analyzed by examining plankton and environmental indicators. In total, 64 phytoplankton taxa belonging to three phyla and 24 families lies were identified, along with 41 zooplankton species from nine major categories. With varied dominant plankton species among different areas, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and Sagitta crassa were consistently dominant across all artificial reef areas. Conservation effects on plankton communities were more pronounced in long-age reef areas compared with short-age reef areas, with a maximum IBI value of 7.17, which was significantly higher(10.86–30.47 times) than that of short-age reef areas. Furthermore, long-age reef areas exhibited better plankton community structure, with average richness and diversity indices 1.1 times higher than those of short-age reef areas. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the difference in IBI and Margelef index difference(DMI) with reef age and reef volume(P < 0.01). IBI was significantly linearly related to reef age(goodness-of-fit = 0.91) and reef volume(goodness-of-fit = 0.71). These findings highlight the significant impact of artificial reef construction on biomass and cell abundance of plankton while emphasizing the influence of characteristic elements, such as reef volume and age, on biological conservation effectiveness.更多还原