【摘要】 放射性碘的泄漏将对环境和人类健康带来巨大威胁,发展简便高效、高选择性的新型碘吸附材料具有重要的理论和实践价值。本研究以廉价易得的淀粉为碳源、硼酸为硼源,通过一步退火处理,制备了多孔硼/碳复合材料（M-B/C）。结果表明,硼的引入不但提高了材料的机械强度,还增加了其微孔和介孔结构。将M-B/C用于水溶液中碘（I₂）的吸附,其吸附容量为543 mg·g^-1,比纯多孔碳（M-C）提高了5.8倍(94 mg·g^-1),同时具有良好的吸附选择性、稳定性和重复使用性能。将M-B/C装于吸附柱,成功实现了模拟海水中I₂的高效连续去除,在1 mL·min^-1的流速下,去除率可达94.2%,表明本研究制备的M-B/C对水中I₂的连续去除有良好的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The leakage of radioactive iodine can bring great threats to the environment and humans.Therefore,the design and synthesis of simple and highly selective adsorbents for efficient elimination of radioactive I₂ has important theoretical and practical value.Here,a porous boron/carbon（M-B/C） composite was prepared by one-step annealing of starch and boric acid,using as carbon and boron sources respectively.The introduction of boron not only improves the mechanical strength of the material but also increases its micropore and mesoporous structure.The M-B/Cwas then used as an absorbent for the adsorption of iodine（I₂） in water and exhibited excellent properties of adsorption selectivity,stability,and reusability.The adsorption capacity for I₂ can be measured to be543 mg·g^-1,which is 5.8 times higher than pure porous carbon(M-C,94 mg·g^-1).The M-B/C filled into the column has beeen successfully used for efficient and continuous removal of I₂ in simulated seawater with a higher removal rate of 94.2%(1 mL·min^-1),proving the M-B/C.has a prospective application in the continuous removal of I₂ from water.更多还原