【摘要】 不稳定原子核的基本性质是开展奇特核结构研究的重要依据。基于多学科交叉的精密激光核谱技术可以通过测量原子、离子或分子的超精细结构谱提取原子核自旋、磁矩、电四极矩、电荷半径等基本性质,目前在核素版图各质量区域的不稳定核奇特结构研究中均发挥着重要作用。本工作从超精细结构谱的研究历史出发,阐述了精密激光核谱技术的基本原理和测量方法。在此基础上,以Pb(Z=82)核区丰质子侧不稳定核的结构研究为例简述了激光核谱学方法在核结构研究中的独特优势。此外还介绍了近年来国内共线激光谱和共线共振电离谱技术的发展现状与最新进展。最后展望了激光核谱技术在未来国内的核物理大科学装置上的应用规划,在不稳定核性质和结构,以及基于放射性分子谱的基本对称性研究方面的广阔前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The basic properties of atomic nuclei including spins,magnetic moments,electric quadrupole moments and charge radii,are sensitive probes to different aspects of exotic nuclear structure,and are also important to investigate the unrevealed nature of interaction between nucleons.Based on multidiscipline,laser spectroscopy is a unique tool to precisely measure the basic nuclear properties mentioned above in a nuclear-model independent way by measuring the hyperfine structure of atoms,ions,or molecules,which has played an important role in the study of exotic nuclear structures across the different regions of the nuclear chart.Basic principles of laser spectroscopy and various types of experimental devices are expounded after the brief history of the hyperfine structure.Furthermore,advantages of utilizing laser spectroscopy in the study of nuclear structure are briefly introduced by taking the radioactive neutron-deficient Pb region as an illustration.In addition,current condition of collinear laser spectroscopy setup has been systematically reviewed,together with the latest progress on collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy offline devices at Peking University.Finally,the developing status and ongoing plan of laser spectroscopy devices for current and future radioactive ion beam facilities in China have been put forward,and the broad prospects of laser spectroscopy in unstable nuclear properties and the fundamental symmetries based on molecular spectroscopy are interpreted.更多还原