【摘要】 目的 对单、双相抑郁患者的舌象进行观察分析及特征规律总结。方法 纳入2022年4月至2023年3月于首都医科大学附属北京安定医院精神科住院的单相抑郁患者108例（单相抑郁组）、双相抑郁患者120例（双相抑郁组）。对患者进行人口学资料及临床基本信息采集。同时，采集患者的舌象信息。从舌色、舌形、苔色、苔质等角度，对比分析两组患者舌象的特征，并进行特征性规律总结。结果 舌色方面，两组患者分布差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。舌形方面，与单相抑郁组患者比较，双相抑郁组患者胖大舌比例更低（P<0.05），裂纹舌的比例更高（P<0.05）。舌苔方面，与单相抑郁组患者比较，双相抑郁组患者正常的薄苔、润苔较少（P<0.05），而黄苔、腻苔比例更高（P<0.05）。结论 从舌象看，单相抑郁患者气虚、阳虚更突出，双相抑郁患者阴虚、痰热之象更显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe and analyze the tongue manifestations of patients with unipolar and bipolar depression and to summarize the characteristic patterns. Methods A total of 108 patients with unipolar depression(unipolar depression group) and120 patients with bipolar depression(bipolar depression group) hospitalized in the Psychiatry Department of Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University, from April 2022 to March 2023 were included. Demographic data and basic clinical information of patients were collected. Simultaneously, the patients’ tongue manifestation information was also collected. The characteristics of tongue manifestations were compared and analyzed between the two groups from the perspec tives of tongue body color, tongue shape, tongue coating color, and tongue coating texture, and the characteristic patterns were summarized. Results Regarding tongue body color, there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05). As to the tongue shape, compared with the unipolar depression group, the bipolar depression group had a lower proportion of enlarged tongue(P<0.05) and a higher proportion of fissured tongue(P<0.05). Concerning tongue coating, compared with the unipolar depression group, the bipolar depression group had fewer normal thin and moist coatings(P<0.05), but a higher proportion of yellow and greasy coatings(P<0.05). Conclusion Based on the tongue manifestations, qi deficiency and yang deficiency are more prominent in patients with unipolar depression, while yin deficiency and phlegm-heat are more prominent in patients with bipolar depression.更多还原