【摘要】 目的 分析出生后早期应用多重益生菌对早产儿临床并发症尤其是坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发生的预防作用及对智力发育的影响。方法 选择2022年2月至2023年2月于郑州大学第三附属医院住院治疗的120例胎龄<34周的早产儿，按随机数字表法分成试验组和对照组，各60例。试验组出生后第2天添加多重益生菌，连续28 d;给予对照组正常母乳或配方奶粉喂养。观察早产儿临床并发症发生情况，尤其是NEC全阶段发病率、NEC(≥2期)发病率和智能发育评定分值。结果 试验组NEC全阶段发病率低于对照组(P<0.05),两组NEC(≥2期)发病率和其他并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组月龄6个月时智能发育评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组全程未发现不良反应。结论 早产儿出生后早期应用多重益生菌是安全有效的，可以促进早产儿的智力发育，降低早产儿NEC全阶段发病率，但不能降低NEC发生的严重程度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of early application of multiple probiotics for the prevention of clinical complications in preterm infants, especially necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), and the effects on promoting intellectual development.Methods A total of 120 preterm infants with a gestational age <34 weeks of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to February 2023 were collected and divided into experimental group and control group by random number table, with 60 cases in each group. The experimental group was given multiple probiotics on the second day after birth for 28 consecutive days. The control group was fed normal breast milk or formula. The incidence of clinical complications of premature infants, especially the overall incidence rate of NEC, the incidence rate of NEC(≥2 stages) and the score of intellectual development assessment were observed.Results The the overall incidence rate of NEC in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), and there were no statistical differences in the incidence of NEC(≥2 stages) and other clinical complications between the two groups(P>0.05). The score of intellectual development assessment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was any adverse reactions throughout the entire process in the experimental group.Conclusion The early application of multiple probiotics in preterm infants is safe and effective, which may promote neurodevelopment in preterm infants, can reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, but does not reduce the severity of NEC.更多还原