【摘要】 为了探讨有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻生长和土壤肥力的影响，设置不施肥(T1)、常规施肥(T2)、优化施肥(T3)、有机肥氮替代15%化肥氮(T4)、有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮(T5)、等氮条件下有机肥氮替代15%化肥氮(T6)及等氮条件下有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮(T7)共7个处理进行田间试验，研究有机肥氮替代化肥氮对水稻产量、产量构成、氮素利用效率、稻米品质以及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：与T3处理相比，有机肥氮替代化肥氮处理均显著增加水稻产量，其中以T7处理效果最好；T5和T7处理的水稻有效穗数比T3处理分别显著增加了10.9%和13.3%；与T3处理相比，T7处理的水稻偏生产力和氮肥农学效率均得到了显著增加；与T1处理相比，施肥处理均显著提高了水稻的整精米率，增加幅度为1.29～2.87个百分点；相比T3处理，T7可以显著增加8.3%的水稻蛋白质含量；同时，与T3处理相比，T7处理会增加土壤碱解氮和有效磷含量。综上，等氮条件下有机肥氮替代30%化肥氮是一种合理的施肥模式，适合推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to investigate the effects of replacing chemical N fertilizer by manure on rice growth and soil fertility.Field experiments were carried out with seven treatments:no fertilizer (T1),conventional fertilizer (T2),optimized fertilizer (T3),manure replacing 15% chemical N fertilizer (T4),manure replacing 30% chemical N fertilizer (T5),manure replacing 15% chemical N fertilizer under isonitrogen conditions (T6),and manure replacing 30% chemical N fertilizer under isonitrogen conditions (T7).The rice yield,yield components,nitrogen use efficiency,rice quality,and soil physicochemical properties in each treatment were determined.The results showed that compared with T3,replacing chemical N fertilizer with manure significantly increased the rice yield,and T7 had the best effect.Compared with T3,T5 and T7 increased the effective panicle number by 10.9% and 13.3%,respectively.Compared with T3,T7 increased the partial factor productivity and agronomic nitrogen efficiency of rice.Compared with T1,other treatments increased the head rice rate by 1.29%-2.87%.Compared with T3,T7 increased the rice protein content by 8.3% and it meanwhile increased the available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil.In conclusion,replacing 30% chemical N fertilizer with manure under isonitrogen conditions is a fertilization mode suitable for application and popularization.更多还原