【摘要】 基于横风下高速列车流场的非定常特性，建立横风-隧道-列车数值模型进行计算，研究隧道类型对横风下高速列车驶出过程中气动压力、流场特性和列车气动荷载的影响.结果表明：隧道出口处气动压力受隧道类型影响最为显著，单线隧道列车迎、背风侧气动压力变化幅值比双线隧道气动压力变化幅值分别大15.7%和22.6%；在列车类型、车速和横风条件相同情况下，阻塞比是导致单线隧道气动压力较大的根本原因；列车背风侧分离涡形成位置到头车鼻尖距离相同，但双线隧道列车背风侧流场偏移程度更大；头车与中车周围流场分布规律基本相同，受隧道类型影响较小，而尾车流场分布特性受隧道类型影响较大.尾车气动荷载对隧道类型更加敏感，双线隧道尾车横向力系数、升力系数变化幅值分别比单线隧道大27.3%和7.1%.当高速列车在横风环境中驶出隧道时，建议考虑隧道类型对列车气动性能的影响.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the unsteady characteristics of the flow field under crosswind, a numerical model including crosswind, tunnel, and train was established and the influence of tunnel type on aerodynamic pressure, flow field characteristics, and the aerodynamic load of HST in the process of leaving a tunnel under crosswind was studied. The results show that the aerodynamic pressures at the tunnel exit are the most significantly affected by the tunnel type.The change magnitude of aerodynamic pressure on the windward and leeward side of the train in a single-track tunnel(STT) are 15.7% and 22.6% greater than that in a double-track tunnel(DTT), respectively. The blocking ratio is the primary cause of the apparent difference in aerodynamic pressure in STT and DTT under the same train type, train speed, and crosswind conditions. The distances between the separation vortex formation position and the nose tip of the head vehicle(HV) are the same, but the leeward side of the train driving out of DDT has a greater degree of flow field offset; The flow field distribution around the head vehicle and the middle vehicle(MV) are basically the same and less influenced by the tunnel type, while the tunnel type more influences the flow field distribution characteristics of the tail vehicle(TV). The aerodynamic load of the TV is more sensitive to the tunnel type. The side force cofficient and lift cofficient amplitude of TV in DTT are 27.3% and 7.1% larger than that in STT, respectively. When an HST leaves tunnels with a crosswind, it is suggested that the effect of the tunnel type on the aerodynamic performance cannot be ignored.更多还原