【摘要】 以人体呼吸微环境为研究对象，通过全尺寸双人实验与数值模拟方法对有限空间空气稳定性下人员在其呼吸过程中暴露风险进行分析.研究表明：在呼吸气流的初始释放阶段，个体暴露水平主要取决于呼吸活动.随着污染物距离污染源越远，有限空间空气稳定性与通风方式对呼吸微环境中的人员暴露情况的影响越来越重要，且这种影响具有时间无关性.在稳定型中，由于周围分层空气的限制作用，呼出的污染物具有更强的保持其沿初始惯性力方向传播的能力，不易扩散；不稳定型易破坏污染物沿其初始惯性力方向传播的能力，加快污染物的扩散，可以减少室内人员对呼吸微环境中污染物的暴露情况.本研究在控制污染物传播，降低疾病传播风险，保证人体健康方面具有理论及实际意义.更多还原

【Abstract】 This research took the breathing microenvironment as the object to conduct an analysis on personal exposure risk in the human breathing process under the effect of the limited space air stability by means of a fullscale experiment and numerical simulation. The results showed that the personal exposure level mainly depended on the breathing activity during the pollutants initial releasing period. As the pollutants went further, the influence of limited space air stability and ventilation on personal exposure became important and presented a characteristic of time independence. In the stable condition, due to the lock-up effect of the stratified environment, the transport of the exhaled pollutants tended to remain in the initial inertia force direction, and not easy to spread; The unstable condition was more likely to disturb the ability of the initial inertia force transport direction and to accelerate the diffusion of pollutants, thus greatly reducing the personal exposure in the breathing microenvironment. This study has theoretical and practical significance in controlling the transport of pollutants, preventing the spread of disease, and ensuring occupant health.更多还原