【摘要】 本文从建筑围护结构节能出发，以内抹WSE（木质纤维Wood fibre、海泡石Sepiolite、膨胀珍珠岩Expanded perlite）基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙为研究对象，将其与内抹普通砂浆外墙对比，分析吸放湿特性及其对负荷的影响.研究使用COMSOL Multiphysics有限元软件的建筑材料热湿耦合模型，分析环境湿度变化与外墙之间的湿迁移变化，以及与外墙的传热传质.以夏热冬冷典型气候地区长沙为例，分析内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙的负荷及潜热负荷占比，同时选取夏热冬暖地区广州和寒冷地区北京对比分析外墙的全年能耗.研究发现，内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆外墙的吸放湿速率远大于内抹普通砂浆的外墙，并能长时间保持高速的吸放湿状态，同时比内抹普通砂浆墙体节省22.31%～23.85%的全年负荷.墙体在吸湿过程中，温升与吸湿速率能力体现出一致性，表明墙体内表面湿迁移对温度有着重要影响，并且湿迁移越大对温度影响越大.墙体在放湿过程中，温度迅速下降是放湿速率快的表现.内抹WSE基复合调湿保温砂浆墙体具有优良的吸放湿特性和节能潜力，可用于建筑围护结构节能.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the energy conservation of building envelope, this paper takes an internal plastering WSE(Wood fibre、Sepiolite and Expanded perlite) composite moisture control and thermal insulation mortar exterior wall as a research subject and compares it with an ordinary mortar exterior wall for the analysis of moisture absorption and desorption as well as its impact on energy load. Using a thermal and moisture coupling model of building materials from the COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software, this paper analyzes humidity transferring change between ambiance humidity change and exterior walls, as well as the heat transferring mechanism of exterior walls. For the WSE wall, total heat loads and the rate of latent heat loads to total heat loads are investigated in Changsha represented as a typical area with hot summer and cold winter. Besides, the annual energy consumption of the WSE wall is compared and analyzed in Beijing for cold areas and Guangzhou for hot summer and warm winter areas. It was found that velocities of moisture absorption and desorption of the WSE wall outperformed those of the ordinary mortar exterior wall for a long time. Moreover, the WSE wall can conserve annual energy consumption by 22.31% to 23.85%compared with the ordinary mortar exterior. Temperature rise is consistent with the moisture absorption velocity in the process of moisture absorption of walls, which reflects that moisture transfer has a great impact on temperature on the inner surface of walls. The impact is enhanced with the augment of moisture transfer. For the process of moisture desorption of the wall, cooling velocity is faster for the higher moisture desorption velocity. In conclusion, the WSE wall possesses a superior performance on moisture transfer and energy conservation, and it is conducive to the development of the building envelope in energy conservation.更多还原