【摘要】 复合硅橡胶绝缘子已广泛应用于架空输电线路中，但其老化一直是困扰电力行业的重要问题。为探究复合硅橡胶的老化过程，在盐雾环境下加快复合硅橡胶样品的老化过程，采用扫描电子显微镜观察样品老化过程中表面微观形貌变化；并利用热重和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析试样老化过程中的组分质量分数和官能团变化；运用热重-红外联用技术分析复合硅橡胶样品的热解产物。结果表明，盐雾老化后样品的热解产物中含有水蒸气、CO₂及少量的有机硅，这说明盐雾老化会使样品的Si—CH₃、Si—（CH₃）₂等侧链疏水基团发生水解，产生硅羟基（Si—OH）、碳羟基（C—OH）等羟基化基团，影响样品的疏水性能，进而降低耐污染性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Composite silicone rubber insulators have been widely used in overhead transmission lines, but their aging has always been an important problem. In order to investigate the aging process of the composite silicone rubber, the aging process of the composite silicone rubber samples is accelerated under the salt spraying environment. Scanning electron microscope is used to observe micro-morphology changes of the surfaces during the aging process of the samples.The thermos-gravimetric（TG） and Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopies are used to analyze the changes of the component contents and functional groups during the aging process of the specimens.The TG-FTIR technology is used to analyze the pyrolysis products of the composite silicone rubber samples. The results show that after salt spray aging the pyrolysis products of the samples contain water vapor, CO₂ and a little organosilicon.These phenomena indicates that salt spray aging will hydrolyze the hydrophobic groups in the side chains of the samples, such as Si—CH₃ and（Si—CH₃）₂ and produce hydroxylated groups, such as silicone hydroxyl（Si—OH）and carbon hydroxyl（C—OH）, which will affect the hydrophobicity of the samples and reduce the pollution resistance.更多还原