【摘要】 为了解冀鲁部分地区鸡群空肠弯曲菌的感染情况、耐药性与遗传进化特征，试验于2020年11月份—2021年12月份采集邯郸市、邢台市、石家庄市、聊城市部分养鸡场泄殖腔拭子369份，对空肠弯曲菌进行分离培养与纯化、PCR鉴定；采用Kirby-Bauer(K-B)纸片扩散法对分离到的空肠弯曲菌进行耐药性分析；选取有代表性的分离菌株，通过扩增7个空肠弯曲菌管家基因进行多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing, MLST)分析和遗传进化分析。结果表明：采集的369份鸡泄殖腔拭子样品中有88份为空肠弯曲菌阳性，阳性率为23.85%;共分离出16株空肠弯曲菌，分离率为4.34%。16株分离菌株对链霉素、红霉素和阿奇霉素的耐药率最高，均为93.75%;对左氧氟沙星、磺胺甲口恶唑、林可霉素、多黏菌素、头孢噻呋、大观霉素、头孢噻肟和新霉素的耐药率较高，为50.00%～87.50%;对恩诺沙星的耐药率为43.75%;对阿莫西林的耐药率为37.50%;对氧氟沙星、庆大霉素和氨苄西林的耐药率均为31.25%;对青霉素和氟苯尼考的耐药率均为25.00%;对多西环素和万古霉素的耐药率最低，均为18.75%。选取的10株有代表性的分离菌株[邯郸市3株(HeBHD-1、HeBHD-2、HeBHD-3)、邢台市2株(HeBXT-1、HeBXT-2)、石家庄市2株(HeBSJZ-1、HeBSJZ-2)、聊城市3株(SDLC-1、SDLC-2、SDLC-3)]共属于8个序列型别(sequence type, ST),其中HeBHD-3为新的ST(ST12017),HeBHD-2和SDLC-3为ST6077,SDLC-1和SDLC-2为ST4259,HeBHD-1、HeBSJZ-1、HeBXT-1、HeBXT-2和HeBSJZ-2分别为ST2328、ST1213、ST1723、ST11076和ST11851。仅4株被归类为克隆群CC,其中HeBXT-1、SDLC-1和SDLC-2属于克隆群CC-354,HeBSJZ-1属于克隆群CC-460,另外6株的ST没有被归类为任何克隆群。HeBXT-1、SDLC-1、SDLC-2、HeBSJZ-1、SDLC-3和HeBHD-3(新的ST)分离株与上海人源参考株SHI IC140的亲缘关系最近，HeBHD-1和HeBSJZ-2分离株与四川鹌鹑源参考株V20的亲缘关系最近，而HeBHD-2和HeBXT-2分离株与河南人源参考株HN-CJD07042的亲缘关系最近。说明冀鲁部分地区鸡群存在空肠弯曲菌感染的情况，分离菌株耐药性较为严重，且遗传进化特征呈现多样性，因此应加强对该地区鸡群空肠弯曲菌的动态监测。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the infection, drug resistance and genetic evolution characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni in chickens in some areas of Hebei and Shandong Provinces, in the test, 369 cloacal swabs from some chicken farms in Handan, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang and Liaocheng Cities were collected from November 2020 to December 2021; Campylobacter jejuni was isolated, cultured and purified, and identified by PCR. Kirby-Bauer(K-B) paper diffusion method was utilized to conduct drug resistance analysis on the isolated Campylobacter jejuni; representative isolates were selected for MLST analysis and genetic evolution analysis by amplifying seven Campylobacter jejuni housekeeping genes. The results showed that 88 out of 369 chicken cloacal swab samples collected were positive for Campylobacter jejuni, with a positive rate of 23.85%; a total of 16 strains of Campylobacter jejuni were isolated, with an isolation rate of 4.34%. The 16 isolates showed the highest resistance rates to streptomycin, erythromycin and azithromycin, all at 93.75%; they had higher resistance rates to levofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, lincomycin, polymyxin, ceftiofur, macromyxin, cefotaxime, and neomycin, ranging from 50.00% to 87.50%; their resistance to enrofloxacin was 43.75%; their resistance to amoxicillin was 37.50%; their resistances to ofloxacin, gentamicin, and ampicillin, were all at 31.25%; and their resistances to penicillin and florfenicol were both 25.00%; and the resistance rate to doxycycline and vancomycin was the lowest, both at 18.75%. The 10 representative isolates selected [3 strains from Handan City(HeBHD-1, HeBHD-2, HeBHD-3), 2 strains from Xingtai City(HeBXT-1, HeBXT-2), 2 strains from Shijiazhuang City(HeBSJZ-1, HeBSJZ-2), and 3 strains from Liaocheng City(SDLC-1, SDLC-2, SDLC-3)] belonged to a total of 8 ST. Among them, HeBHD-3 was a new ST(ST12017); HeBHD-2 and SDLC-3 were ST6077; SDLC-1 and SDLC-2 were ST4259; HeBHD-1, HeBSJZ-1, HeBXT-1, HeBXT-2, and HeBSJZ-2 were ST2328, ST1213, respectively, ST1723, ST11076 and ST11851 respectively. Only four strains were categorized into CC clonal groups, of which HeBXT-1, SDLC-1, and SDLC-2 belonged to CC-354 clonal group and HeBSJZ-1 belonged to CC-460 clonal group; the STs of the other six strains were not categorized into any clonal groups. The HeBXT-1, SDLC-1, SDLC-2, HeBSJZ-1, SDLC-3, and HeBHD-3(new ST) isolates were most closely related to the Shanghai human reference strain SHI IC140; the HeBHD-1 and HeBSJZ-2 isolates were most closely related to the Sichuan quail-derived reference strain V20; and the HeBHD-2 and HeBXT-2 isolates were most closely related to the Henan human-derived reference strain HN-CJD07042. The results indicated that Campylobacter jejuni infection existed in chickens in some areas of Hebei and Shandong Provinces; the isolated strains were more drug-resistant and showed a diversity of genetic evolutionary characteristics; therefore, the dynamic monitoring of Campylobacter jejuni should be strengthened in chickens in this area.更多还原