【摘要】 为了从生理生化特性方面研究尼西鸡的种质特征，试验采用自动血液分析流水线测定了24周龄尼西鸡(雄性10只，雌性8只)的24项血液生理指标，用全自动生化分析仪测定了同周龄尼西鸡(雄性10只，雌性9只)的17项血液生化指标，并与多个不同地方鸡种的数据进行比较分析。结果表明：雄性尼西鸡的嗜酸性粒细胞百分数(EO%)、嗜酸性粒细胞绝对值(EO#)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、血细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、红细胞分布宽度SD(RDW-SD)等7项指标极显著高于雌性尼西鸡(P<0.01),白细胞计数(WBC)和平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)显著高于雌性尼西鸡(P<0.05);而中性粒细胞百分数(NEU%)、淋巴细胞百分数(LYM%)、单核细胞百分数(MONO%)、嗜碱性粒细胞百分数(BASO%)、中性粒细胞绝对值(NEU#)、淋巴细胞绝对值(LYM#)、单核细胞绝对值(MONO#)、嗜碱性粒细胞绝对值(BASO#)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度CV(RDW-CV)、血小板计数(PLT)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板压积(PCT)和大血小板比率(P-LCR)等15项指标在雌雄尼西鸡间差异不显著(P>0.05)。雄性尼西鸡的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性极显著高于雌性尼西鸡(P<0.01),钙(Ca)和白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著低于雌性尼西鸡(P<0.01),总胆红素(TBIL)显著低于雌性尼西鸡(P<0.05);而葡萄糖(Glu)、尿素(BUN)、肌酐(CREA)、BUN/CREA、总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLO)、白球比(A/G)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆固醇(TC)、淀粉酶(AMY)和磷(P)等12项指标在雌雄尼西鸡间差异不显著(P>0.05)。与其他地方鸡种比较，雄性尼西鸡的红细胞和白细胞最高，白蛋白最低，耗氧量大，免疫力和抗病力更强；雌性尼西鸡的平均红细胞体积和总胆红素最低，蛋白质合成代谢能力旺盛。说明尼西鸡能很好地适应高海拔低温缺氧环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the germplasm characteristics of Nixi chicken based on the physiological and biochemical characteristics, 24 blood physiological indexes of 24-week-old Nixi chickens(10 ♂, 8 ♀) were determined by an automatic blood analysis line, and 17 blood biochemical indexes of the same week-old Nixi chickens(10 ♂, 9 ♀) were determined by an automatic biochemical analyzer, and the data were compared with those of many different local breeds. The results showed that the 7 indexes of EO%, EO#, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV and RDW-SD of male Nixi chickens were very significantly higher than those of female Nixi chickens(P<0.01). The WBC and MCH of male Nixi chickens were significantly higher than those of female Nixi chickens(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the 15 indexes of NEU%, LYM%, MONO%, BASO%, NEU#, LYM#, MONO#, BASO#, MCHC, RDW-CV, PLT, PDW, MPV, PCT and P-LCR between male and female Nixi chickens(P>0.05). The ALT activity of male Nixi chickens were very significantly higher than that of female Nixi chickens(P<0.01), the Ca and ALB contents of female Nixi chickens were very significantly higher than those of male Nixi chickens(P<0.01). The TBIL of female Nixi chickens was very significantly higher than that of male Nixi chickens(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the 12 indexes of Glu, BUN, CREA, BUN/CR, TP, GLO, A/G, AST, ALP, TC, AMY and P between male and female Nixi chickens(P>0.05). Compared with other local chicken breeds, male Nixi chickens had the highest red and white blood cells and the lowest albumin, male Nixi chickens had higher oxygen consumption and strong immunity and disease resistance; the mean red blood cell volume and total bilirubin of female Nixi chickens were lowest, female chicken had stronger protein synthesis and metabolism ability. This indicates that Nixi chickens could adapt well to high altitude, low temperature and hypoxia environment.更多还原