【摘要】 通过研究不同有机物料对石灰性黑钙土培肥效果、甜菜产量与品质的影响，以期为在土壤培肥过程中科学选用有机物料提供理论依据。试验在田间条件下，以石灰性黑钙土栽甜菜品种H809为试验材料，设置化肥（CK）、生物有机肥（T1）、腐植化木耳菌渣（T2）、生物炭（T3）4个处理，研究了不同有机物料对耕层土壤物理性质、土壤酶活性、有机碳含量与分配及甜菜产量品质的影响。结果表明：（1）土壤容重T2和T3较CK相比显著降低了10.63%～19.02%，土壤含水量与孔隙度分别显著提高12.77%～20.74%与11.78%～21.07%;<0.25mm粒级土壤水稳性团聚体的含量各培肥处理较CK显著降低7.88%～23.29%,T1与T2处理土壤平均质量直径（MWD）、>0.25mm粒级土壤水稳性团聚体含量(R_0.25)较CK显著增加；（2）T1、T2、T3总有机碳含量较CK提高5.17%～11.79%，各处理<0.25mm粒级土壤水稳性团聚体有机碳贡献率较CK显著降低；（3）各培肥处理蔗糖酶活性较CK显著提高30.25%～52.42%,T1与T2脲酶活性较CK显著提高27.18%～66.60%,T2与T3碱性磷酸酶活性较CK显著提高5.32%～6.11%，各培肥处理对过氧化氢酶活性无显著影响；（4）T2产量与产糖量分别较CK显著提高12.08%和13.44%。综合分析认为，腐植化木耳菌渣有机物料替代化肥可有效改善当季耕层土壤物理性质、总有机碳含量与各粒级有机碳贡献率、土壤酶活性，显著提高了甜菜产量和产糖量。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific selection of organic materials in the process of soil fertilization by studying the effects of different organic materials on the fertilization effect of calcareous chernozem soil,sugar beet yield and quality.Experiment under field conditions,sugar beet variety H809 grown in calcareous chernozem soil was used as the experimental material,Four treatments were set up: chemical fertilizer（CK）,biological organic fertilizer（T1）,humified fungus residue（T2）,and biochar（T3）,the effects of different organic materials on topsoil physical properties,soil enzyme activity,organic carbon content and distribution,and sugar beet yield and quality were studied.The results show:（1） Soil bulk density T2 and T3 decreased significantly by 10.63%～19.02% compared with CK phase ratio,soil water content and pore porosity increased by 12.77%-20.74%and 11.78%-21.07%;Compared with CK,the content of water-stable aggregates of <0.25 mm grain was significantly reduced by 7.88% to 23.29% under each fertilizer treatment,the soil average mass diameter（MWD） and >0.25 mm particle size soil water-stable aggregate content(R_0.25)in the T1 and T2 treatments were significantly increased compared with CK;（2）The total organic carbon content of T1,T2,and T3 increased by 5.17% to 11.79% compared with CK,and the organic carbon contribution rate of <0.25 mm particle size soil water-stable aggregates in each treatment was significantly lower than that of CK;（3）The sucrase activity of each fertilization treatment was significantly increased by 30.25% ～52.42% compared with CK,the T1 and T2 urease activities were significantly increased by 27.18% ～66.60% compared with CK,and the T2 and T3 alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly increased by 5.32% compared with CK.5.32% ～6.11%,each fertilizer treatment has no significant effect on catalase activity;（4） T2 yield and sugar production were significantly increased by 12.07% and 13.44% respectively compared with CK.Comprehensive analysis shows that replacing chemical fertilizers with humicated fungus residue organic materials can effectively improve the soil physical properties,total organic carbon content,organic carbon contribution rate of each particle size,and soil enzyme activity in the plow layer of the current season,and significantly increase sugar beet yield and sugar production.quantity.更多还原