【摘要】 目的 了解青岛市公共场所空气微生物污染状况，评估其健康风险，为加强公共场所卫生管理和传染病防控提供依据。方法 根据国家公共场所健康危害因素监测工作方案，按照《公共场所卫生检验方法 第3部分：空气微生物》(GB/T 18204.3—2013)于2018—2021年对宾馆酒店、候车室、商场超市、健身房开展夏季和(或)冬季室内空气中细菌总数与真菌总数的监测。结果 共监测173家次公共场所、451个监测点，真菌总数的合格率(77.6%)低于细菌总数的合格率(91.4%)；不同类别公共场所微生物监测结果显示，宾馆酒店的合格率最低(68.7%)；季度比较显示，夏季的合格率(69.7%)低于冬季(76.7%)；年度比较显示，2019年合格率最低(54.5%),2021年最高(81.2%)；上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。宾馆酒店结果显示，三星以下宾馆酒店微生物合格率最低(60.7%)；夏季的合格率(61.7%)低于冬季(74.1%);2019年合格率最低(53.8%),2020年最高(76.6%)；上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 青岛市公共场所细菌总数与真菌总数均有一定的超标现象，存在健康风险。需重点关注酒店、夏季、真菌的微生物超标问题，需采取措施降低公共场所空气微生物浓度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the pollution status of airborne microorganism in public places of Qingdao,Shandong province and evaluate the health risk so as to provide the scientific basis for strengthening health management and infectious disease prevention and control. Methods Total bacterial count and total fungi count in the indoor air were monitored in hotels,waiting rooms of bus and train stations,shopping malls,supermarkets and gymnasiums in summer and/or winter from 2018 to2021 according to requirements of “National plan for monitoring health hazards in public places” and “Examination methods for public places Part 3:Airborne microorganism(GB/T 18204.3-2013)”. Results A total of 173 public places and 451 sites were monitored. The qualified rate of the total fungi count was lower than total bacterial count,with 77.6% and 91.4%,respectively. The qualified rate in hotels was 68.7%,which was the lowest among the different type of public places monitored.The qualified rate of total bacterial count and total fungi count in summer was lower than that of winter,with 69.7% and76.7%,respectively. The annual comparison showed that the qualified rate of 2019 and 2021 were 54.5% and 81.2%,which were the lowest and the highest among the 4 years,respectively. The analysis of hotel showed that the qualified rate in hotels of below three-star was the lowest(60.7%) among three type of hotels,the qualified rate of microorganism in summer(61.7%) was lower than that of winter(74.1%),the qualified rate of 2019(53.8%) was the lowest and 2020 was the highest(76.6%),and all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Total bacterial count and/or total fungi count at some sites exceeded the standard limits so there is health risk in public places of Qingdao. It is necessary to focus on the problem of excessive airborne microorganism in hotels,summer and fungi,and the strict measures should be required to reduce the concentration of airborne microorganism in public places.更多还原