【摘要】 为了更全面深刻地认识用于核反应堆物理计算中的数据同化理论，介绍了数据同化在反应堆物理领域的两大应用方向，即最佳参数估计和物理场重构。详细分析了基于模型降阶的数据同化理论，包括模型降阶理论基础和基于本征正交分解的模型降阶；分别介绍了广义经验插值法和稳定格式本征正交分解，并给出了部分数值结果。讨论了反应堆物理领域中开展不确定度分析和量化的相关工作进展。此外，为了进一步确保数据同化结果的精度和可靠性，强调了不确定度分析的重要性并对其进行介绍。分析表明：基于模型降阶的数据同化方法具有计算效率高、精度高的优点，是核工程领域数据同化的新兴发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 To have a stronger appreciation of the data assimilation used in nuclear reactor physics, the optimal parameter estimation and physical field reconstruction, the two main applications in reactor physics, were introduced firstly. Then, the model order reduction-based data assimilation theory, including the theoretical basis of model order reduction and the model order reduction based on proper orthogonal decomposition, were analyzed. Furthermore, the generalized empirical interpolation method and the stabilized proper orthogonal decomposition, as well as numerical results were presented. Accordingly, the progress of uncertainty analysis and quantification in reactor nuclear reactor physics were discussed. Additionlly, the importance of uncertainty analysis was emphasized and introduced to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data assimilation results. Analysis showed that the data assimilation method based on model order reduction has the advantages of high computational efficiency and accuracy, and represents an emerging direc-tion in data assimilation in the field of nuclear engineering.更多还原