【摘要】 心血管疾病导致的病死率居全球首位，血管移植手术是临床上常用的治疗手段。由于自身移植来源有限，异体移植易发生免疫排斥和感染，因此血管支架对血管修复具有重要意义。静电纺丝是一种新型的人工血管制备技术，通过静电高压将良好生物相容性的材料制成血管支架，具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、机械性能好、与天然细胞外基质结构相似等特点，在血管组织工程研究中有较强的优势及广阔的应用前景。本文对近年来国内外有关文献进行整理归纳，概述静电纺丝的原理和特点，分析人工血管的结构，通过应用实例介绍天然和合成材料制备的人工血管，以及负载生物活性物质、药物和化学物质的功能化修饰的人工血管，展望人工血管未来的发展趋势，以期为相关领域的研究与开发提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the application value of endoscopic and microscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas. Methods Collected clinical data of 122 patients with pituitary adenomas, 61 of whom underwent endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal resection(the endoscopic group), and 61 of whom underwent microscopic transnasal transsphenoidal resection(the microscopic group). The perioperative indicators, relevant hormones [human growth hormone(HGH), thyrotropin(TSH), prolactin(PRL)], visual function [visual field index(VFI), pattern standard deviation(PSD)], olfactory function(olfactory recognition threshold), stress response [angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ), norepinephrine(NE), renin(R)], and complications were compared between two groups. Results The length of hospitalization in the endoscopic group was shorter than that in the microscopic group, and the intraoperative blood loss was less than that in the microscopic group(P<0.05). The levels of serum AngⅡ, NE, and R in both groups showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with a smaller change in the endoscopic group than in the microscopic group, and the differences in interaction between groups, time oints and time points between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). The levels of PRL, TSH, and HGH in both groups showed a decreasing trend, which were lower in the endoscopic group than in the microscopic group, and the differences in interaction between groups, time points and time points between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). The PSD in both groups showed a decreasing trend, and the olfactory recognition threshold showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The VFI showed an increasing trend, and the PSD and olfactory recognition threshold in the endoscopic group were lower than those in the microscopic group, while the VFI was higher; the differences in the interaction between groups, time points and time points between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05). The difference in the incidence of complications between two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with microscopy, endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach has the advantages of minimal surgical trauma and rapid postoperative recovery, which helps to promote the recovery of pituitary function and visual function, reduce the impact on olfactory function, and has certain safety.更多还原